社会主义革命时期毛泽东对央地关系的探索及启示  

MAO Ze-dong’s Exploration of the Relationship Between Central and Local Governments in the Period of Socialist Revolution and Its Enlightenment

作　　者：周银圣 ZHOU Yin-sheng(School of Government,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学政府管理学院,北京100871

出　　处：《陕西行政学院学报》2022年第1期72-77,共6页Journal of Shaanxi Academy of Governance

摘　　要：社会主义革命时期,毛泽东高度重视中央和地方关系,他对正确处理中央和地方关系的探索经历了三个重要阶段:新中国成立初期,毛泽东根据中国各地经济社会发展不平衡的现实条件,提出了统一与因地制宜相结合的原则,促进了国家整合、政权巩固和经济恢复;社会主义改造开始时,他主张学习苏联,进一步加强中央权力;社会主义改造后期,针对经济建设当中出现的诸多问题,他开始反思高度集中的领导体制,倡导放权给地方,发挥中央和地方两个积极性。毛泽东对中央和地方关系的处理,既表现出了较强的灵活性,又坚持了基本的政治原则,并注重学习借鉴外国的经验教训。他在探索中形成的实践经验和理论认识对于当代中国的国家治理具有重要的启示意义。Mao Zedong attached great importance to the relationship between the central and local governments.In the period of socialist revolution,his exploration of correctly handling the relationship between the central and local governments experienced three important stages:in the early days of the founding of new China,Mao Zedong put forward the idea of combining unification with local conditions according to the realistic conditions of unbalanced economic and social development in all parts of China,which effectively promoted national integration regime consolidation and economic recovery;At the beginning of socialist transformation,Mao Zedong advocated learning from the Soviet Union and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Central Committee to cooperate with the large-scale planned economic construction;In the late stage of socialist transformation,based on the problems in economic construction,Mao Zedong began to reflect on the highly centralized leadership system,advocated decentralization to the local government,and gave full play to the initiative of the central and local governments.His practical experience and theoretical understanding formed in exploring the relationship between the central and local governments,especially the systematic discussion on giving full play to the initiatives of the central and local governments,has important enlightenment significance for China to correctly deal with the relationship between the central and local governments.

关 键 词：毛泽东 社会主义革命时期 中央和地方关系 两个积极性 

分 类 号：A84[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]