M1TDS技术及镉低积累杂交水稻亲本创制与组合选育  

M;TDS Technology and Creation of Low-cadmium Accumulation Parents for Hybrid Rice Breeding

作　　者：韶也 彭彦[1] 毛毕刚[1] 余丽霞[2] 唐丽[1] 李曜魁 胡远艺[1] 张丹[1] 袁智成[1] 罗武中 彭选明[3] 李文建[2] 周利斌[2] 柏连阳[3] 赵炳然[1] SHAO Ye;PENG Yan;MAO Bi-gang;YU Li-xia;TANG Li;LI Yao-kui;HU Yuan-yi;ZHANG Dan;YUAN Zhi-cheng;LUO Wu-zhong;PENG Xuan-ming;LI Wen-jian;ZHOU Li-bin;BAI Lian-yang;ZHAO Bing-ran(State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice,Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou,Institute of Modem Physics,Chinese Academy of Science,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南杂交水稻研究中心杂交水稻国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [2]中国科学院近代物理研究所重离子加速器国家实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]湖南省农业科学院,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2022年第1期1-11,共11页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：湖南省重大专项(湘农联[2018]70号);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-01-14);湖南省重点研发计划(2020NK2043)。

摘　　要："镉大米"问题是当下中国南方水稻产业发展急需解决的重大问题,培育镉低积累水稻品种是解决该问题最直接、最经济的方法。本研究开发了一项高通量靶向鉴定理化诱变M1代突变及获取突变体的技术(M_(1) generation targeted deep sequencing technology,M_(1)TDS技术)。利用M_(1)TDS技术,从重离子诱变M_(1)代材料中获得了镉转运蛋白基因OsNramp5嵌合突变体,并在M_(2)代获得了OsNramp5纯合突变不育系莲1S和恢复系R001。用R001与莲1S配制成的杂交稻组合莲两优1号,在有效镉含量0.443mg/kg、pH4.93的污染田进行种植鉴定,莲两优1号籽粒镉含量稳定在0.03mg/kg以下,远低于对照品种臻两优8612(0.38 mg/kg)的籽粒镉含量和国家限量标准值0.20 mg/kg。本研究不仅为解决"镉大米"问题提供了重要的新种质,且突破了理化诱变M_(1)代嵌合突变体难以高通量鉴定的技术瓶颈,为水稻及其他作物提供了一种理化诱变定向改良的共性新技术。The problem of"cadmium-contaminated rice"is an urgent issue for the development of rice industry in south China.Breeding rice cultivars with low-cadmium accumulation in grains is the most direct and economical way to solve this problem.Here,we developed a technology of high-throughput screening for chimeric mutants in M_(1) generation based on targeted deep sequencing,so-called as M_(1) generation targeted deep sequencing(M_(1)TDS)technology.Using this technology,chimeric rice plants with mutations of cadmium transporter gene OsNramp5 were screened out from the heavy ion mutagenized plants in M_(1) generation,and the sterile line Lian 1 S and restorer line R001 carrying homozygous osnramp5 gene were obtained in M2 generation.Furthermore,in the fields contaminated with an effective soil cadmium content of 0.443 mg/kg at pH 4.93,the grain cadmium content of the hybrid rice Lianliangyou 1 derived from Lian 1 S and R001 was stable below 0.03 mg/kg,much lower than that of control hybrid rice Zhenliangyou 8612(0.38 mg/kg)and the national limit standard of 0.20 mg/kg.This study not only provides important new germplasms for solving the problem of"cadmium-contaminated rice",but breaks the technical bottleneck of high-throughput identification of chimeric mutants in the M_(1) generation of physicochemical mutagenesis,so as to provide a generic technology for targeted improvement of germplasms in physicochemical mutagenesis for rice and other crops.

关 键 词：M_(1)TDS OsNramp5 嵌合体 杂交水稻 莲两优1号 镉低积累 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311