甘肃省汉、回、藏族女性围绝经期综合征发生及其影响因素研究  

A study on the occurrence and influencing factors of perimenopausal syndrome among Han, Hui and Tibetan women in Gansu Province

作　　者：张瑞[1] 王丽蓉[1] 袁月 刘琳[1] 王丽艳[1] 金盼盼 马晓玲[1] 赵金珠[1] 张学红[1] 胡俊平[1] Zhang Rui;Wang Lirong;Yuan Yue;Liu Lin;Wang Liyan;Jin Panpan;Ma Xiaoling;Zhao Jinzhu;Zhang Xuehong;Hu Junping(The First Hospital of Lanzhou University,Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu Provice,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第一医院,甘肃省生殖医学与胚胎重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《中华生殖与避孕杂志》2022年第1期72-79,共8页Chinese Journal of Reproduction and Contraception

摘　　要：目的探讨甘肃省汉族、回族、藏族女性围绝经期综合征的发生及相关影响因素。方法运用分层整群抽样法选取7290例40~55岁女性为研究对象进行横断面调查,以问卷方式调查人口学特征、婚育月经史,并采用改良Kupperman评分对围绝经期综合征相关症状进行评估。资料采用SPSS20.0软件进行统计分析。结果甘肃省女性自然绝经年龄为(47.43±3.99)岁,其中回族女性最早,为(47.08±4.29)岁;职业、受教育程度以及居住地,三个民族之间的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001,P=0.001,P=0.005);围绝经期综合征发生率回族为58.85%(246/418),藏族为44.16%(136/308),汉族为41.06%(2695/6564),三个民族之间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001);相关症状汉族轻度人员占比最多,回族、藏族中度人员占比最多,三个民族之间轻度和重度的发生率差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。logistic回归分析显示从事重体力劳动是三个民族女性发生围绝经期综合征共同的危险因素。结论促进和帮助欠发达地区经济发展、改善农村居住条件、改变落后生活劳作模式,加大教育及医疗卫生的投入、加强生殖健康知识的普及,针对各民族围绝经期综合征发生的相关危险因素逐项改善,将有助于围绝经期综合征预防和诊治工作的开展,对促进各民族女性健康工作起到积极作用。Objective To explore the occurrence and influencing factors of perimenopausal syndrome among Han,Hui and Tibetan women in Gansu Province.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 7290 women aged 40-55 years as the research subjects for cross-sectional survey.The questionnaire was used to investigate demographic characteristics,marriage and childbearing menstrual history,and the modified Kupperman score was used to investigate the symptoms related to perimenopausal syndrome.The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS20.0 software.Results The natural menopausal age of women in Gansu Province was(47.43±3.99)years old,Hui women had the earliest age of menopause(47.08±4.29).There were statistically significant differences in occupation,education level and residence among the three ethnic groups(P<0.001,P=0.001,P=0.005).The incidence of perimenopausal syndrome was 58.85%(246/418)for Hui,44.16%(136/308)for Tibetans,and 41.06%(2695/6564)for Hans.The incidence of perimenopausal syndrome and the grade of related symptoms were significantly different among the three ethnic groups(all P<0.001).Han women had the highest proportion of mild symptoms,while Hui women and Tibetan women had the highest proportion of moderate symptoms.The differences of the incidence of mild and severe symptoms among the three ethnic groups were statistically significant(all P<0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that engaging in heavy physical labor is a common risk factor for the incidence of perimenopausal syndrome in the three ethnic groups.Conclusion The prevention and treatment of perimenopausal syndrome can be carried out from the following aspects:promoting economic development,improving living conditions,changing life and work patterns,increasing investment in education,medical and health care,and strengthening knowledge popularization.

关 键 词：民族 绝经 自然绝经年龄 围绝经期综合征 

分 类 号：R711.75[医药卫生—妇产科学]