不同组合连接体形下旋流式竖井水力特性试验研究  

Experimental Study on Hydraulic Characteristics of Shaft Spillway with Different Combination Connection Types

作　　者：苟超 杨红宣[1] 沈春颖[1] 赵国安 龚兴勇 GOU Chao;YANG Hongxuan;SHEN Chunying;ZHAO Guoan;GONG Xingyong(School of Electric Power Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《水力发电》2022年第3期113-118,共6页Water Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52069009);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2020J0056)。

摘　　要：通过物理模型试验和理论分析相结合的方法研究了不同组合连接体形下旋流式竖井的水力特性,总结出竖井涡室内的4种典形流态,其中,自由旋流流态最适合于旋流式竖井。通过进一步研究进口体形和消力井深度对流态和消能率的影响,得出折流角变化对消力井侧壁及底板压强影响不大,消力井边壁及底板均不会出现负压;流量的增加会减小消能率,折流角和消力井深度的增大可增大消能率,虽然消能率随消力井深度的增加而增加,但增加幅度随井深的增加而逐渐变缓。以上研究成果可为工程中更好地应用竖井溢洪道提供有益借鉴。Based on physical model experiment and theoretical analysis,the hydraulic characteristics of shaft spillway with different combination connection types are investigated,and four typical flow patterns in the entrance of shaft are sorted out,in which,it is found that the free spiral flow pattern is the most suitable for the shaft spillway.By further studying the influences of the type of entrance of channel and the depth of energy dissipation well on the flow pattern and energy dissipation rate,it is concluded that,(a) the time average water pressures on the bottom plate and on the side wall of energy dissipation well influenced by the angle of baffle side wall are small and no negative time average water pressure appears;and(b) the increase of flow rate will reduce the energy dissipation rate,and the increase of deflector angle and energy dissipation well can increase the energy dissipation rate.Although the energy dissipation rate of shaft increases with the increase of energy dissipation well depth,the increase rate of energy dissipation rate gradually slows down with the increase of well depth.The research findings may provide useful references for the better application of shaft spillway in engineering.

关 键 词：旋流式竖井 组合连接体形 折流坎 消力井 水力特性 物理模型试验 

分 类 号：TV135.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]