基于底层盐水楔扰动的磨刀门咸潮上溯防控研究  

Study on Measures of Saltwater Intrusion Control in Modaomen Waterway Based on Disturbing the Bottom Salt Wedge

作　　者：李彬 孔俊 叶荣辉 李保 罗锋 LI Bin;KONG Jun;YE Ronghui;LI Bao;LUO Feng(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Yangtze River Estuary Water Resource Survey Bureau,Hydrology Bureau,Changiang Water Resources Commission,Shanghai 200136,China;College of Harbor Costal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]长江水利委员会水文局长江口水文水资源勘测局,上海200136 [3]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水文》2022年第1期67-74,10,共9页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：水利部珠江河口动力学及伴生过程调控重点实验室开放研究基金项目([2018]KJ07);水文水资源与水利工程重点实验室“一带一路”水与可持续发展科技基金项目(2018491111)。

摘　　要：基于MIKE3研究扰动底层盐水楔实现抑制咸潮上溯的最优化方案。结果表明,在河道底部喷水扰动盐水楔可以有效减弱底层盐水浓度,且存在最优喷水流量与最优喷水点。当喷水流量小于该值时,咸潮上溯距离随流量的增大而减小,当大于该值时,咸潮上溯距离随流量的增大反而会增大;最优喷水流量从小潮到大潮逐渐增加,且随着径流量的增大而减小,如径流量为500 m/s^(3)时,小、中、大潮期间的最优喷水流量分别为20 m/s^(3)、20 m/s^(3)和25 m/s^(3),减少的咸潮上溯距离分别为3.82 km、3.40 km和1.18 km。随着径流量增大,取得最佳抑咸效果的最优喷水点位置逐渐向下游移动。针对珠江河口的特殊径潮环境,盐水楔扰动的抑咸效果在小潮和中潮期间较好,在大潮期间相对较差。The optimal scheme of disturbing the bottom salt wedge to control the saltwater intrusion was studied based on the MIKE3.The results show that the concentration of the bottom saltwater could be effectively reduced by setting level jets in channel bottom,and there is an optimal water flow value and an optimal spray point.When water flow is less than the value,saltwater intrusion length decreases with the increase of flow.When water flow is more than the value,saltwater intrusion length increases with the increase of flow.The optimal water flow increases from neap tide to spring tide,and decreases with the increase of runoff.For example,when the runoff is 500 m/s^(3),the optimal water flow during neap,middle and spring tide is 20 m/s^(3),20 m/s^(3) and 25 m/s^(3) respectively,and the reduced saltwater intrusion length is 3.82 km,3.40 km and 1.18 km respectively.With the increase of runoff,the optimal position of spray point for the best effect of salt suppression gradually moves to the downstream.In view of the special runoff and tide environment in the Pearl River Estuary,disturbing the salt wedge has a good effect on controling the saltwater intrusion during neap tide and middle tide,but poor in spring tide.

关 键 词：咸潮上溯 盐水楔 上溯距离 磨刀门水道 

分 类 号：P731.12[天文地球—海洋科学]