新疆石河子-昌吉地区2016―2020年地下水位动态特征分析  

Spatiotemporal Variation of Groundwater Table from 2016 to 2020 in Shihezi-Changji of Xinjiang

作　　者：丁启振 周金龙[1,2,3] 杜明亮 王新中[4] 张淑霞 高琪 DING Qizhen;ZHOU Jinlong;DU Mingliang;WANG Xinzhong;ZHANG Shuxia;GAO Qi(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Research Center,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention,Urumqi 830052,China;Geological Environment Monitoring Station of Changji Prefecture,Changji 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [4]新疆昌吉州地质环境监测站,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2022年第2期109-117,共9页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42007161)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明新疆石河子-昌吉地区地下水位变化规律及其驱动因素。【方法】基于2016―2020年研究区44眼监测井的逐月地下水埋深,划分地下水动态类型,绘制了多年地下水埋深累计变幅分区图和高低水位期地下水流场对比图,综合直线趋势分析方法和灰色关联分析方法对地下水位动态特征及其影响因素进行分析。【结果】区内潜水动态类型为灌溉入渗-开采型和水文-开采型,承压水动态类型为开采型。石河子市地下水位呈快速上升趋势(埋深变幅多为-3~-2 m);玛纳斯县南部地下水位快速上升(多为-4~-3 m),北部水位快速下降(多>5 m);呼图壁县地下水位快速下降(多>5 m);昌吉市地下水位动态变化相对缓慢,以缓慢下降为主(多为2~3 m)。石河子市和玛纳斯县南部水位回升主要取决于低水位期,北部地下水漏斗区局部水位回升则相反;呼图壁县水位持续下降受高、低水位期共同影响;昌吉市水位动态稳定,与河流补给作用有一定关联。【结论】耕地面积、地下水开采量和地表水源供水量是潜水水位变化的主控因素,承压水水位变化主要受耕地面积和地下水开采量的影响。【Objective】Groundwater is the most important water resource for many regions in Xinjiang province,and understanding its dynamics is hence a prerequisite to improve water management.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of groundwater table as well as its determinants in Shihezi-Changji,Xinjiang province.【Method】The analysis was based on date measured monthly from 2016 to 2020 from 44 boreholes in the region.These helped us to understand the driving forces of the groundwater changes,as well as local and regional groundwater flow.The relationship between groundwater change and its potential determinants were analyzed using the linear trend and gray relation methods.【Result】 Hydraulically,the dynamics of shallow groundwater in the region is irrigation infiltration – exploitation and hydrological recharge-exploitation,whereas the dynamics of the confined groundwater was exploitation lacking noticeable recharge.The groundwater table in Shihezi City and Manas County has been rising rapidly,with the groundwater depth in the former and latter being 2~3 m and 3~4 m respectively.In contrast,the groundwater table in Hutubi County has dropped to more than 5 m deep.The groundwater level in Changji city does not show noticeable change with its depth being 2~3 m.The groundwater rise in south of Shihezi city and Manas County was due to rebound,as opposed to that in the north where there was a groundwater depression cone.The continuous dropping in groundwater table in Hutubi County was due to both.The change in groundwater table in Changji City was mainly due to river recharge.【Conclusion】The change in shallow groundwater was induced by alteration of agricultural lands,groundwater extraction and surface water recharge,whereas that of confined groundwater was mainly caused by groundwater extraction.

关 键 词：地下水位动态 直线趋势 地下水流场 灰色关联 石河子-昌吉地区 

分 类 号：P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]