植被毯措施对黑土农田浅沟侵蚀的防护效果研究  

Study on the Protective Effect of Vegetation Blanket on Ephemeral Gullies in Black Soil Farmland

作　　者：孙义秋 关颖慧 汪志荣[1] 吴海龙[1] SUN Yiqiu;GUAN Yinghui;WANG Zhirong;WU Hailong(College of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China;School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384 [2]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2022年第1期8-13,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划战略性国际科技创新合作重点专项“黑土侵蚀防治机理与调控技术(2016YFE0202900)”;天津市自然科学基金重点项目“海绵城市微流域的水文过程实验研究(18JCZDJC39600)”。

摘　　要：为了探究植被毯在植被恢复早期的浅沟侵蚀防护效果,并为黑土农田浅沟治理提供科学依据。以黑土耕作层土壤为研究对象,通过室内模拟汇流冲刷试验,定量分析了植被毯在不同汇流强度下对农田浅沟侵蚀产流产沙的影响。实验结果显示:在小于30 L/min汇流强度时,植被毯措施可减少16.23%的径流和80%以上的产沙。当汇流强度增大到40 L/min时,植被毯措施减沙效益由82.19%下降到26.63%,而减流效益由15.74%减少到1.63%,基本无减流效果。继续增加汇流强度达到50 L/min时,植被毯措施的减沙效果进一步下降,并最终失去防护作用。研究表明植被毯措施在一定汇流强度下能够有较好的减流减沙作用,且其减沙作用明显高于减流作用。因此,一定条件下,可以有效防治浅沟的进一步侵蚀,且对于改善草被前期生长及生态环境有一定帮助。In order to explore the protective effect of vegetation blanket on ephemeral gully erosion in the early stage of vegetation restoration,and to provide scientific basis for ephemeral gully control of black soil farmland,we took the typical black soil of Heilongjiang Province as the research sample,quantitatively analyzed the effect of vegetation blanket on runoff and sediment yield of farmland ephemeral gully erosion under different confluence intensites through the indoor simulated confluence erosion experiment.The experimental results show that the runoff and sediment yield can be reduced by 16.23%and 80%,respectively,when the confluence intensity of 30 L/min is less than that of vegetation blanket;when the confluence intensity reaches to 40 L/min,the sediment reduction benefit of vegetation blanket measures decreases from 82.19%to 26.63%,while the flow reduction benefit decreases from 15.74%to 1.63%,which basically has no flow reduction effect;when the confluence intensity continues to increase to 50 L/min the effect of vegetation blanket on sediment reduction decreased further and finally lost its protective effect.This study shows that the vegetation blanket measure can have a better effect on runoff and sediment reduction under a certain confluence intensity,and its sediment reduction effect is obviously higher than that of runoff reduction.Therefore,under certain conditions,vegetation blanket can effectively prevent the further erosion of ephemeral gully,and is helpful to improve the early growth of grass cover and ecological environment.

关 键 词：植被毯 农田浅沟 防护效果 产流产沙 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]