西南喀斯特山区典型流域农业非点源污染负荷及分布特征  

Research on Spatial Characteristics and the Load of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Karst Area of Southwestern China

作　　者：贺赟 杨爱江[1,2] 陈蔚洁 郭悦 冯于航 宋霞 HE Yun;YANG Aijiang;CHEN Weijie;GUO Yue;FENG Yuhang;SONG Xia(College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Science Park Development Co.,Ltd.,of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Materials Industry Technology Research Institute,Guiyang 550014,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025 [2]贵州喀斯特环境生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,贵阳550025 [3]贵州省材料产业技术研究院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2022年第1期148-152,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：贵州省国内生态学一流学科建设项目(GNYL[2017]007);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础[2020]1Y195);贵州大学课题项目(700714182214)。

摘　　要：为更精确地估算西南喀斯特山区的北盘江流域(晴隆段)农业非点源污染情况,引入降雨、地形因子(α,β)对经典的输出系数模型(ECM)进行了研究。结果显示:2017年北盘江流域(晴隆段)农业非点源氮、磷污染负荷分别是2582.00 t和246.74 t。两者分布特征基本一致,呈现分布不均的特质:污染负荷局部集中,坡度较高和人口密度大的区域负荷量较高。TN,TP负荷中不同农业非点源的贡献率基本一致,为畜禽养殖>土地利用类型>农村生活。与实际观测值比较,改进的输出系数模型(IECM)对TN,TP负荷的估算值的平均相对偏差分别为9.80%和2.09%。综上,IECM提高了模型模拟的精度,可以为喀斯特山区非点源污染负荷的估算提供参考。In order to more accurately estimate the current status of agricultural non-point source pollution(ANSP)in the Beipan River Basin(Qinglong Section)located in southwestern China,an improved export coefficient model(IECM)was developed by integrating the precipitation and terrain impact factor into the conventional export coefficient model.The results indicated that the loads of TN and TP of the agricultural non-point source pollutants in the research area in 2017 were 2582.00 t and 246.74 t,respectively;the distribution characteristics of the two are basically the same,showing the characteristics of uneven distribution:Pollution load is locally concentrated.And then,the load is higher in areas with higher slopes and high population densities;the contribution rates of different ANSP to TN and TP loads provided the similar trend and deceased in the order:livestock>land use>rural life;compared with the actual observations,the average relative deviations of the IECM estimates of TN and TP loads were 9.80%and 2.09%,respectively,which indicated that the IECM improved the accuracy of model simulation and provided reference information of model selection for the estimation of ANSP in the karst area ofsouthwestern China.

关 键 词：输出系数模型 农业非点源污染 北盘江 TN TP 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]