不同时期施入的氮肥在橡胶园土壤中的迁移分布  

Migration and distribution characteristics of nitrogen fertilizer applied at different stages in rubber plantation

作　　者：王文斌[1,2] 张永发[1,2] 王大鹏[1,2] 罗雪华[1,2] 吴小平[1,2] 薛欣欣 赵春梅[1,2] 茶正早 WANG Wenbin;ZHANG Yongfa;WANG Dapeng;LUO Xuehua;WU Xiaoping;XUE Xinxin;ZHAO Chunmei;CHA Zhengzao(Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China/Soil and Fertilizer Research Center,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/中国热带农业科学院土壤肥料研究中心,海口571101 [2]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海口571101

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2022年第1期42-47,共6页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：农业部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室开放课题(KLOF1002);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-33-ZP2)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同时期施入的氮肥在橡胶园土壤中的迁移分布规律和淋溶损失情况,采用施入15N标记氮肥的方法进行田间试验,分析了不同层次土壤中的全氮量、碱解氮含量和肥料氮素残留。结果表明:早、中期施入的氮肥淋溶作用较强,达到100 cm土层以下,后期施入的氮肥在土壤浅层的积累作用明显,在60 cm土层以下的淋溶较少。说明不同时期施入的氮肥在橡胶园土壤中的淋溶迁移特点明显,在生产中可以结合缓控释化肥施用以及调控不同时期施肥比例等措施合理避免肥料氮肥的损失。A field experiment was carried out,in which 15N labeled nitrogen fertilizer was used to study the migration and distribution characteristics of nitrogen fertilizer applied at different stages in rubber plantation.The contents of total N,alkali-hydrolyzable N and residual fertilizer N in soil layers were determined after fertilizer application.The results showed that the leaching effects of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the early and middle stages were strong,which could move to 100cm underground.Significant accumulation of nitrogen fertilizer in the shallow layer was observed after the application at later stage,which didn’t move below 60cm layer.The results indicated that the migration and distribution of nitrogen fertilizer applied at different stages are obviously different.Therefore,the practices such as slow and controlled release fertilizer application and adjusting of fertilizer ratio at different stages should be taken into consideration in nitrogen nutrient management in rubber plantation.

关 键 词：橡胶园 土壤 氮肥 迁移分布 

分 类 号：S147.23[农业科学—肥料学] S794.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]