西双版纳不同树龄橡胶林对降雨的再分配特征  

Characteristics of rainfall redistribution of rubber plantations at different ages in Xishuangbanna

作　　者：张勇波 谢江[1] 陈国云[1] 田耀华[1] 周会平[1] ZHANG Yongbo;XIE Jiang;CHEN Guoyun;TIAN Yaohua;ZHOU Huiping(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2022年第1期57-63,共7页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设资金专项(RF2021-4)。

摘　　要：为了研究橡胶林的林冠截留特征,选取3个不同树龄阶段的橡胶林(7龄幼龄林、12龄中龄林和32龄老龄林)为研究对象,对穿透雨、树干径流、林冠截留等林冠水文特征开展观测,并分析了林龄、叶面积指数及气象因子对其的影响。结果表明:幼龄林、中龄林和老龄林的年穿透雨量分别为1087.90、846.27、730.55 mm,分别是年降雨量的61.34%、47.71%、41.19%;年树干径流量分别为524、809.16、912.80 mm,分别是年降雨量的29.54%、45.61%、51.46%;年林冠截留量分别为54.37、147.57、123.04 mm,分别是年降雨量的3.06%、8.32%、6.94%。总的看来,随着林龄增长,穿透雨量呈减少趋势,林冠截留量呈增加趋势。橡胶树叶面积指数的差异是造成不同树龄橡胶林的林冠截留量差异的主要原因。气象因素中,降雨量对橡胶林的林冠截留量的影响最显著。Study on the canopy interception characteristics of rubber plantation can provide the basic information for rubber plantation management and regional hydro-ecology effect assessment.The rubber plantations at three age stages(young,7 years old;middle,12 years old;old,32 years old)were selected for observation.The throughfall,stem flow,canopy interception of the rubber plantations at the three age stages were measured,and the effects of tree age,leaf area index and meteorological factors on the throughfall,stem flow and canopy interception were analyzed.The results showed that the annual throughfalls of the young,middle and old rubber plantations were 1087.90 mm,846.27 mm and 730.55 mm,respectively,accounting for 61.34%,47.71%,41.19%of the annual precipitation.The annual stemflows were 524 mm,809.16 mm and 912.80 mm,respectively,accounting for 29.54%,45.61%,51.46%of the annual precipitation.The annual canopy interceptions were 54.37 mm,147.57 mm and 123.04 mm,respectively,accounting for 3.06%,8.32%and 6.94%of the annual precipitation.In general,with the increase of tree age the throughfall decreased,while the stemflow and canopy interception increased.The leaf area index was inferred as the main factor affecting the difference of canopy interception between rubber plantations at different ages.Among the meteorological factors precipitation has the greatest impact on canopy interception.

关 键 词：橡胶林 穿透雨 树干径流 林冠截留 水文效应 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学] S794.1