关系运作:马路零工非正式就业空间建构——基于合肥市零工市场实地调查  

Relationship Operation:The Construction of Informal Employment Space for Casual Laborers:Based on the Field Survey of the Labor Market in Hefei City

作　　者：汤晴 Tang Qing(School of Sociology and Politics, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学社会与政治学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《石家庄铁道大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第1期47-52,共6页Journal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University（Social Science Edition）

摘　　要：作为非正式就业的典型代表,马路零工面临着就业信息不对称、就业服务不完善、就业竞争压力大的困境,由此就业空间受到压缩。通过对合肥市零工市场的实地调查了解到,马路零工工作机会获得是通过关系运作得以实现,具体划分为零工间的互助关系运作、零工与中间人的互利关系运作、零工与用人单位的互信关系运作3种类型。并且,马路零工以熟人化、中间人、人情“亏欠”的方式建构就业机会空间。关系运作缩短了马路零工等待时间,提高求职效率;增强非正式就业稳定性,降低求职频率;延伸其社会关系网络,增加工作机会。为进一步扩大马路零工非正式就业空间,需要建立健全零工市场管理制度、完善就业服务、开发线上平台。As a typical representative of informal employment,casual laborers are faced with the dilemma of asymmetric employment information,imperfect employment services and great competition pressure,thus the employment space is compressed.Through the field survey of the labor market in Hefei city,the casual laborer job opportunities are achieved through the operation of relationships,which falls into three types:the operation of mutual assistant between the casual laborers,the operation of mutually beneficial relationship between the casual and the middleman,and the operation of mutual trust between the casual and the employing units.And they constructs the employment opportunity space in the way of acquaintance,middlemen and human“debt”.The operation of relationship shortens the waiting time and improves the efficiency of job hunting,increase the stability of informal employment and reduce the frequency of job hunting,and extend their social networks and increase job opportunities.In order to further expand the informal employment space of casual laborer,it is necessary to establish and perfect the management system of labor market,improve employment service and develop online platform.

关 键 词：关系运作 马路零工 非正式就业 

分 类 号：C912.3[经济管理]