基于物联网技术的奶牛瘤胃pH值和温度监测系统研究  

Design and Experiment of Rumen pH value and Temperature Monitoring System for Dairy Cows Based on Internet of Things

作　　者：赵继政[1,2] 庄蒲宁 石富磊 陆成 董正奇 ZHAO Jizheng;ZHUANG Puning;SHI Fulei;LU Cheng;DONG Zhengqi(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]农业农村部农业物联网重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2022年第2期291-298,308,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：陕西省重点产业创新链(群)农业领域项目(2019ZDLNY0205)。

摘　　要：针对目前传统检测方法实施难度大、易交叉感染的问题,设计了奶牛瘤胃pH值和温度无线检测单元、Sub1G无线传输网络和阿里云实时显示界面,实现了奶牛瘤胃pH值和温度的连续监测。瘤胃检测单元采用LabSen331 pH值复合电极进行pH值检测,采用Pt1000铂电阻进行测温。信号调理电路使用AD8603运算放大器,模数转换电路使用AD7792。核心控制电路使用STM8L151微控制器,通过315 MHz无线信号传输数据到项圈中继节点。无线传输网络基于TI15.4协议实现。数据经项圈节点中继后,由数据集中器通过串口通信发送给物联网网关。通过4G网络,网关按照MQTT协议将数据传输至阿里云。本文进行了pH值和温度测量准确性、检测单元功耗、无线传输网络可靠性等验证试验和现场监测试验。验证试验结果表明,pH值测量误差小于±0.02,温度测量误差小于±0.3℃,检测单元使用2200 mA·h/3.6 V锂电池供电,检测间隔设为10 min时,电池寿命可达1800 d,无线传输网络可在180 m内可靠传输。现场试验结果表明监测系统记录值和人工测定瘤胃液pH值之间具有良好的相关性(r=0.961,P<0.05),本文设计的监测系统可以连续监测奶牛瘤胃pH值和温度的变化,为奶牛健康监测和精准饲喂提供参考。Rumen pH value and temperature are key indicators of rumen fitness.It is difficult to implement traditional measurement,and the traditional rumen pH value measurement trends to cause cross infection.A wireless measurement unit for rumen pH value and temperature was designed.A star Sub1G wireless network was also designed to monitor multiple cows.An Alibaba Cloud interface was developed to display rumen pH value and temperature.The wireless measurement unit used LabSen331 pH electrode to measure pH value and employed Pt1000 to sense temperature.AD8603 operational amplifier and AD7792 analog-to-digital converter were used to amplify and convert signal.STM8L151 microcontroller was employed to process data.The data was transmitted to collar node with 315 MHz wireless signals.Wireless transmission network was built based on TI15.4 protocol.When data was acquired by a collar node,it was further sent to the collector.The collector sent data to gateway through UART.The gateway transmitted data to Alibaba Cloud through 4G network according to MQTT protocol.pH value and temperature measurement accuracy,power consumption of measurement unit,and reliability of wireless transmission network were examined.The error of the pH value measurement was less than±0.02.The temperature measurement error was less than±0.3℃.The measurement unit used a 2200 mA·h/3.6 V lithium battery for power supply.When the measurement interval was set to be 10 min,the battery was able to work more than 1800 days.The range of reliable wireless signal transmission was about 180 m.Test in dairy farming showed a significant correlation between the recorded values of the monitoring system and the manually measured pH value of the rumen liquid(r=0.961,P<0.05).The monitoring system was able to monitor the changes of rumen pH value and temperature continuously,which provided reference for the fitness monitoring and the strategy of precision feeding.

关 键 词：奶牛瘤胃 温度监测 PH值监测 Sub1G组网 低功耗微控制器 

分 类 号：TP393.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]