苏南某区污染耕地农产品镉汞状况调查及健康风险评价  

Survey of Cadmium and Mercury Pollution and Assessment of Health Risk of Crops in Polluted Farmland in Southern Jiangsu

作　　者：张梓良 林健 冬明月 董金龙[1] 段增强[1] ZHANG Ziliang;LIN Jian;DONG Mingyue;DONG Jinlong;DUAN Zengqiang(State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Agricultural Environment and Energy Guidance Station of Yizheng,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 211400,China)

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]仪征市农业环境与能源指导站,江苏扬州211400

出　　处：《土壤》2022年第1期206-210,共5页Soils

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0202002);中国科学院美丽中国科技先导专项(XDA23020401)资助。

摘　　要：于2019年和2020年在苏南某区污染耕地采集了302份水稻和97份蔬菜样本,评估了农作物可食部分镉(Cd)和汞(Hg)的健康风险。结果表明:水稻籽粒中Cd和Hg含量均高于蔬菜,水稻籽粒和蔬菜Cd含量分别为59.5和50.7μg/kg,超标率为4.6%和4.1%;水稻和蔬菜Hg含量分别为4.7和0.7μg/kg,其中仅水稻籽粒Hg超标,超标率为3.3%;水稻和蔬菜Cd和Hg日摄入量分别为0.371和0.239μg/(kg·d);整体危害指数为0.680(<1)。食用研究区域水稻和蔬菜的重金属健康风险较低。在整个研究区采样和同点位不同农作物采样两个尺度下,粳稻和根类蔬菜Cd含量均分别显著低于籼稻和叶类蔬菜,但不同水稻和蔬菜品种间Hg含量无显著差异。因此,本研究推荐种植和食用粳稻、根类蔬菜,从而降低污染耕地农产品Cd和Hg对人体健康的潜在风险。In this study,302 samples of rice grains and 97 samples of vegetables in the farmlands in Southern Jiangsu were collected in 2019 and 2020 and the health risks of cadmium(Cd)and mercury(Hg)in the edible portions of the plants were evaluated.The results showed that Cd and Hg concentrations in rice grains were greater than those in vegetables.The mean concentrations of Cd in rice grains and vegetables were 59.5 and 50.7μg/kg,respectively,and 4.6%and 4.1%exceeding the national standards of China.The mean concentrations of Hg were 4.7 and 0.7μg/kg,respectively,and 3.3%and 0%exceeding the national standards of China.The estimated daily intake(EDI)of Cd and Hg in rice grains and vegetables were 0.371 and 0.239μg/kg,and the total hazard quotient(THQ)of rice grains and vegetables was 0.680(lower than 1),indicating that the health risk of local crops was low.The accumulation differences of Cd and Hg in edible portions of different crop cultivars were further compared,Japonica rice and root vegetables accumulated less Cd in edible portions when compared to Indica rice and leaf vegetables,respectively.Cultivating and consuming more grains from Japonica rice and root vegetables are recommended in order to decrease the potential health risk from Cd and Hg pollution and thus to alleviate the health risk from local crops.

关 键 词：重金属污染 健康风险 籼稻 粳稻 蔬菜 

分 类 号：X56[环境科学与工程—环境工程]