四川省某市农村地区妇女产后抑郁现状及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of status and influencing factors of postpartum depression among women in rural areas of a city in Sichuan Province

作　　者：高洁 叶睿雪 王庆志 杜艳 李麟华 杜叶繁 周欢 GAO Jie;YE Rui-xue;WANG Qing-zhi;DU Yan;LI Lin-hua;DU Ye-fan;ZHOU Huan(West China School of Public Health and West China Forth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2021年第12期1064-1069,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：美国斯坦福大学研究基金(0040405502159)。

摘　　要：目的分析四川省某市农村地区妇女产后抑郁现状并探索其影响因素,从而为减少该类地区妇女产后抑郁问题,改善妇女健康水平提供科学建议。方法2019年11—12月,采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,对四川省某市农村地区妇女进行问卷调查。采用多分类Logistic回归分析妇女产后抑郁的影响因素。结果共750例妇女完成调查且为有效样本。妇女产后抑郁发生率为21.07%。其中,10.40%为轻度产后抑郁,10.67%为重度产后抑郁。多分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,在控制相关混杂因素后,与正常妇女相比,曾患有孕期合并症(OR=1.74,95%CI:1.04~2.90),具有焦虑(OR=5.17,95%CI:2.79~9.57)和压力(OR=4.31,95%CI:1.96~9.47)心理特征的妇女,患轻度产后抑郁的可能性相对较高;此外,具有焦虑(OR=10.69,95%CI:5.65~20.23)和压力(OR=8.00,95%CI:3.77~16.98)心理特征的妇女,患重度产后抑郁的可能性相对较高,而社会支持程度越高(OR=0.31,95%CI:0.19~0.51)的妇女,患重度产后抑郁的可能性相对较低。结论四川省某市农村地区妇女产后抑郁现状不容乐观,建议提高对患有孕期合并症妇女的关注程度,缓解产后妇女的焦虑和压力心理,加强社会支持,以改善妇女的产后抑郁状况。Objective Clarifying the current status of postpartum depression and exploring the influencing factors of women inrural areas of a city in Sichuan province,so as to provide scientific advice for reducing the prevalence of postpartum depression among women in such areas and improving women′s health.Methods From November to December 2019,a multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of women inrural areas of a city in Sichuan province.Multi-class logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of postpartum depression in women.Results A total of 750 women completed the survey that were valid samples.The incidence of postpartum depression in women was 21.07%.Among them,10.40%were mild postpartum depression and 10.67%were severe postpartum depression.The results of multi-class logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for related confounding factors,women who had suffered from complications during pregnancy(OR=1.74,95%CI:1.04-2.90),anxiety(OR=5.17,95%CI:2.79-9.57)and stress(OR=4.31,95%CI:1.96-9.47)were relatively more likely to suffer from mild postpartum depression;In addition,women who feel anxious(OR=10.69,95%CI:5.65-20.23)and stressed(OR=8.00,95%CI:3.77-16.98)were relatively more likely to suffer from severe postpartum depression,while social Women with higher levels of support(OR=0.31,95%CI:0.19-0.51)were relatively less likely to suffer from severe postpartum depression.Conclusion The current situation of postpartum depression of women inrural areas of a city in Sichuan province was not optimistic.It was recommended to increase attention of women with pregnancy complications,relieve postpartum women′s anxiety and stress,and strengthen social support to improve women′s postpartum depression.

关 键 词：四川省某市农村 妇女产后抑郁 孕期合并症 焦虑和压力 社会支持 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]