技术溢出与企业竞争环境--来自中国上市公司的经验证据  

Technology Spillovers and Corporate Competitive Environment:Empirical Evidences from Limited Companies of China

作　　者：刘朝煜 LIU Chao-yu(Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学经济学院,北京100871

出　　处：《当代财经》2022年第2期115-126,共12页Contemporary Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学学科体系话语体系"重大研究专项项目"新时代中国特色经济学基本理论问题研究"(18VXK002)。

摘　　要：正确识别技术溢出对企业竞争环境的影响及其传导机制,有助于厘清技术溢出对企业生产的影响路径,进而更有效率地在企业间配置生产要素等资源。本文基于空间经济学视角对企业技术溢出回归模型进行了拓展,并结合2000-2016年沪深两市AB股上市公司微观动态面板数据实证分析得出:第一,当技术水平和其他条件保持不变时,平均而言企业获得的行业内技术溢出会推动其面临的竞争趋于缓和;第二,行业间技术溢出则会显著增加企业面临的竞争压力;第三,竞争程度的滞后项会使当期竞争程度向反方向调整。机制研究发现技术溢出对企业竞争环境的影响通过生产要素的企业间流动进行传导,不同类型生产要素的重新配置对不同行业内企业竞争环境的影响具有较大差异。研究结论对于区分技术溢出的异质性生产效应以及刻画企业竞争环境的动态演变规律,从而有效地引导企业在竞争环境下获取要素开展生产具有现实意义。To identify the impact and transmission mechanism of technology spillovers on corporate competitive environment correctly can help clarify the affecting path of technology spillover on corporate production,so as to allocate production factors and other resources among the enterprises more efficiently.From the perspective of spatial economics,this paper extends the regression model of technology spillovers,and performs an empirical analysis based on the micro dynamic panel data of A-and B-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2000 to 2016.The findings show that,firstly,when the technological level and the other conditions remain the same,the intra-industry technology spillovers can push the competition that they are faced to be eased on average.Secondly,the inter-industry technology spillovers will significantly increase the competitive pressure that the enterprises are faced.Thirdly,the lagging items of the competition degree will make the current competition degree adjust in the opposite direction.The result of the mechanism study reveals that the impact of technology spillovers on the corporate competitive environment is transmitted through the flow of production factors among enterprises;the re-allocation of the production factors of different types has rather big differences in its impacts on the corporate competitive environment of different industries.These conclusions have practical significance in the distinguishing of the heteroge-neous production effect of technology spillovers and the depicting of the law of dynamic evolution of corporate competitive environment,thus they can effectively guild the enterprises to obtain the factors and carry out production in competitive environment.

关 键 词：技术溢出 企业竞争环境 生产要素 空间效应 动态面板模型 

分 类 号：F424.3[经济管理—产业经济]