6周HiHiLo训练对女子400m运动员专项能力的影响  

Effects of 6 Weeks’ HiHiLo Training on Special Ability of Female 400m Athletes

作　　者：朱那[1] 吴翠娥[1] ZHU Na;WUI Cui'e(Jiangsu Research Institute of Sports Science,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province,210033 China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省体育科学研究所,江苏南京210033

出　　处：《当代体育科技》2022年第5期53-60,64,共9页Contemporary Sports Technology

基　　金：江苏省科技厅创新能力建设(科技实施类)-(2018-2020)(BM2018031-2)。

摘　　要：目的:随着科学技术的进步,训练学界对400m项目的能量供应比例有了新的认识,对有氧能力在400m项目中的重要性认识有了重新定位。该研究探讨了高住高练低训(HiHiLo)对女子400m运动员专项能力的影响。方法:400m、400m栏、400m接力项目运动员8人,在赛前训练阶段进行6周的HiHiLo,加1周的间歇低氧训练,睡眠高度控制(周变化)为2600m、2800m、3000m、3000m、3000m、2800m,训练高度为2800m、3000m、3200m、3200m、3400m、3000m、2800m。采集训练前、训练第三周、训练第六周60m、100m、300m、350m、2000m成绩,200m×4×2成绩和运动后即刻乳酸值作为评价运动员专项能力指标,将比赛成绩作为最终专项能力指标。结果:运动员专项60m、100m成绩(7.53±0.25s VS 7.20±0.31s,P<0.05;12.37s±0.41s VS 11.98s±0.37s,P<0.05);运动员300m、350m成绩(41.92s±1.27s VS 39.27s±1.57s,P<0.01、50.77s±2.38s VS 47.78s±2.28,P<0.01);2000m(464.55s±20.24s VS 458.24s±18.33s,P>0.05);专项训练方法的200m×4×2成绩出现显著变化:第一组的第2个、第二组第1、2个在数据上呈现显著差异(30.24s±0.34s VS 29.67±0.87s,30.67s±0.57ss VS 29.68s±0.37s,29.87±0.87s VS 28.98±0.92s,P<0.05);第一组第4个,第二组第3、4个数据上呈现较高的显著性差异(30.45±0.42s VS 29.87±0.37s,29.46±0.38s VS 28.45±0.21s,28.37±0.99s VS 28.45±1.24s,P<0.01);运动员专项训练方法的200m×4×2训练的乳酸值出现显著变化:第一组第2~4个,第二组第1、2个呈现显著差异(14.45±0.98mmol/L VS 14.45±0.87mmol/L,16.17±1.02mmol/L VS 15.27±1.08mmol/L,16.48±1.17mmol/L VS 15.47±1.21mmol/L,14.42±1.01mmol/L VS 13.47±0.87mmol/L,16.44±0.99mmol/L VS 15.45±1.07mmol/L,P<0.05);1名运动员参加5项比赛,2名运动员参加4项比赛,1名运动员参加2项比赛,其他运动员均参加一项比赛,获得冠军1项,获得亚军2项,获得季军1项。结论:经过6周的HiHiLo训练,女子400m、400m栏运动员专项速度能力、专项速度耐力得到了Objective: With the progress of science and technology, Training scholars had a new insight of the energy supply ratio of 400 m item, and re-positioning the importance of aerobic capacity in 400 m items.this study is to explore the influence of high living, high training and low training(HiHiLo) on the special ability of 400 m female athletes.Methods:Eight female athletes in 400 m, 400 m hurdles and 400 m relay events were given 6 weeks of HiHiLo and 1 week of intermittent hypoxia training in the pre-competition training phase. The sleep height control(weekly change) was 2600 m, 2800 m, 3000 m, 3000 m, 2800 m, and the training height was 2800 m, 3000 m,3200 m, 3200 m, 3400 m, 3000 m, 2800 m. Collect the results of 60 m, 100 m, 300 m, 350 m and 2000 m before training, the third week of training and the sixth week of training, 200 m×4×2 the results and the lactic acid value immediately after exercise are used as the indexes to evaluate the athletes’ special ability, and the competition results are used as the final special ability indexes.Results:the athletes’ special 60 m and 100 m results(7.53±0.25 s VS 7.20±0.31 s,P<0.05;12.37±0.41 s VS 11.98±0.37 s,P<0.05);Athletes’ 300 m and 350 m scores(41.92±1.27 s VS 39.27±1.57 s, P<0.01, 50.77±2.38 s VS 47.78±2.28 s, P<0.01);2000 m(464.55±20.24 s VS 458.24±18.33 s, P>0.05);200 m×4×2 of special training method, there were significant changes in scores: the second in the first group and the first and second in the second group showed significant differences in data(30.24±0.34 s VS 29.67±0.87 s,30.67±0.57 s VS 29.68±0.37 s, 29.87±0.87 s VS 28.98±0.92 s,P<0.05);There were significant differences in the fourth data of the first group and the third and fourth data of the second group(30.45±0.42 s VS 29.87±0.37 s,29.46±0.38 s VS 28.45±0.21 s, 28.37±0.99 s VS 28.45±1.24 s,P<0.01);200 m×4×2 of athletes’ special training methods, there were significant changes in the lactate value of training: the 2 nd-4 th in the first group, the 1 st and2 nd in

关 键 词：HIHILO 400m 女子 专项能力 

分 类 号：G822[文化科学—体育训练]