突破理论推演的迷障:行政复议改革的实用主义进路  

Breaking the Myth of Theoretical Deduction:The Pragmatic Approach to Administrative Reconsideration Reform

作　　者：闫映全 Yan Yingquan

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学党内法规研究中心

出　　处：《比较法研究》2022年第1期177-186,共10页Journal of Comparative Law

摘　　要：在关于行政复议改革的研究中,一种普遍的研究进路是"现实问题—性质界定—定位取舍(改革方向)—制度构建"。依照这一研究进路,行政复议制度如何改革,必须先从理论上探讨行政复议的"改革方向"问题。但这一问题无法、也不需要从理论上进行推演--逻辑推理的漏洞、数据分析的粗疏和域外经验的剪裁都证明了这一点。源于研究对象本身的特殊性,理论推演的传统研究路径注定在行政复议改革中作用有限。破解这一问题的方式,是以实用主义哲学为指引,以实践需要为依据,依靠"尝试"和"决断"摆脱理论预设和逻辑对应的泥潭,以渐进性的制度变迁实现制度的逐步完善。Among the researches on the reform of administrative reconsideration,a common path is"identifying the problem—defining the problem—setting the reform direction—creating an institution".Such an approach presupposes a theoretical analysis of the reform direction.However,such theoretical deduction is neither possible nor necessary,which has been demonstrated by the loopholes in logical reasoning,the roughness of data analysis,and the tailoring of foreign experience.Due to the peculiarity of the research object itself,such traditional research path is destined to play a limited role in the reform of administrative reconsideration.The way out is get out of the trap of the theoretical presupposition and logical deduction,and instead adopt a pragmatic philosophy—"trial and decision,"which takes into account of the practical needs,and can improve the situation in a gradual progress.

关 键 词：行政复议 改革方向 理论推演 实用主义 

分 类 号：D922.11[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]