患儿术前焦虑的研究进展  

Research progress of preoperative anxiety in children

作　　者：武玉红 庄蕾[1] 于布为[1] 张富军[1] WU Yuhong;ZHUANG Lei;YU Buwei;ZHANG Fujun(Department of Anesthesiology,Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院麻醉科,200025

出　　处：《临床麻醉学杂志》2022年第1期81-85,共5页Journal of Clinical Anesthesiology

摘　　要：患儿由于认知水平有限、对父母依赖性高等特点,术前焦虑发生率高于成人。术前焦虑不仅对父母及医务人员造成显著困扰,且对患儿术后恢复产生消极影响,可引起伤口愈合延迟、疼痛、睡眠障碍、遗尿及性格负向改变等。影响患儿术前焦虑的因素包括气质、年龄、既往就医经历、父母术前焦虑状态、手术室和就医环境以及麻醉诱导方式等。目前临床上评估患儿术前焦虑的手段主要有改良耶鲁术前焦虑量表(m-YPAS)、焦虑视觉模拟量表(VAS)和儿童状态-特质焦虑量表(STAIC)等。临床医务人员应早期识别患儿术前焦虑的危险因素,及时进行焦虑评估,对术前高度焦虑的患儿尽早实施有效的药物或行为干预,以期减轻患儿术前焦虑程度,改善预后。Due to the characteristics of limited cognitive level and high dependence on parents,the incidence of preoperative anxiety in children is higher than that in adults.Preoperative anxiety not only causes significant distress to parents and medical staff,but also has a negative impact on postoperative recovery of children,which can cause delayed wound healing,pain,sleep disorders,enuresis and negative changes in personality,etc.Factors influencing children s preoperative anxiety include temperament difference,age,previous medical experience,parents preoperative anxiety,operating room and medical environment,and anesthesia induction methods,etc.At present,the methods to evaluate children s preoperative anxiety include the modified Yale preoperative anxiety scale(m-YPAS),the visual analog scale(VAS)and the state-trait anxiety inventory for children(STAIC).Clinical medical staff should identify the risk factors keenly at an early stage,carry out anxiety assessment in time,and implement effective drugs or behavioral interventions as soon as possible for children with high preoperative anxiety,in order to reduce the degree of preoperative anxiety and improve children s postoperative recovery.

关 键 词：患儿 术前焦虑 术后疼痛 术后消极表现 

分 类 号：R726.1[医药卫生—儿科]