海水吸收对远距离水下声场计算的影响  

The influence of water absorption on long-distance underwater acoustic field computation

作　　者：周益清 骆文于[1,2] ZHOU Yiqing;LUO Wenyu(State Key Laboratory of Acoustics,Institute of Acoustics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院声学研究所声场声信息国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《声学技术》2022年第1期21-27,共7页Technical Acoustics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11774374)资助项目。

摘　　要：低频声波在海水中短距离传播时,海水吸收对声场的影响几乎可以忽略。但是在实际传播中,传播距离可能达到数百甚至数千千米,此时海水吸收会对声场带来较大影响。在这种情况下,如果选用的水下声场计算程序忽略海水吸收,则远距离的声场计算结果会存在明显误差。分别比较了全反射理想波导和深海Munk声速剖面环境下几种常用声场计算模型的结果,验证了海水吸收对远距离声场计算的影响;然后通过给抛物方程RAM模型增加海水吸收,使RAM更加适用于远距离声场计算。给出的数值算例的计算结果显示,改进后的RAM模型得到的传播损失与已经包含了海水吸收的简正波模型COUPLE及波数积分模型SCOOTER给出的结果一致,表明改进后的RAM模型引入了正确的海水吸收,从而可以更精确处理远距离声传播问题。The acoustic absorption of water is negligible in short-distance low-frequency sound propagation.However,in the actual propagation process,the propagation distance may reach hundreds or even thousands of kilometers.At this time,seawater absorption will have a great impact on the sound field.In this case,significant errors are induced in the long-distance sound field calculation results if the acoustic computation model does not take the acoustic absorption of water into account.The sound fields in ideal total reflection waveguides and in the deep-water environment with Munk sound speed profile are calculated by using several different models to illustrate the effects of the acoustic absorption of water on long-distance sound field calculation.Then,the acoustic absorption of water is added in the RAM model to make it more accurate for the computation of long-distance underwater sound propagation.The results of numerical examples show that the transmission loss obtained by the improved RAM model is consistent with the results given by COUPLE model and SCOOTER model.Therefore,it is confirmed that using the improved RAM model incorporated with the acoustic absorption of water to solve long-distance sound propagation problem is correct and feasible.

关 键 词：海水吸收 抛物方程方法 耦合简正波方法 波数积分方法 

分 类 号：P733.21[天文地球—物理海洋学]