对数字平台企业规制的政治经济学分析--基于马克思的流通费用理论  

Political Economy Analysis on the Regulation of Digital Platform Enterprises--From the Perspective of Marx’s Circulation Cost Theory

作　　者：蔡超 Cai Chao

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《经济学家》2022年第2期109-117,共9页Economist

摘　　要：资本增殖的逻辑要求不断降低社会总生产过程中的流通费用,因而流通技术发展表现出不断突破时空界限的"加速主义"趋向。数字平台在传统商业领域的应用和拓展,降低了经济链条中的各种流通费用,并成为新流通渠道和重要的基础设施,实现了一次"流通革命"。数字平台企业的相关营收来自从别处转移来的剩余价值,本质上属于纯粹流通费用的范畴。一些平台企业单纯依靠所有权垄断而索取"经济租"的行为,会推高社会总流通费用,侵蚀实体经济部门的利润。一些平台企业的强势地位重塑了价值链分工的市场秩序,给非平台企业、公众甚至社会带来了负外部性。要发挥数字平台对国民经济的正向服务作用,必须有针对性地对数字平台企业进行反垄断规制、经济性规制以及社会性规制。The logic of capital proliferation requires to continuously reduce the circulation cost in the process of social total production,so the development of circulation technology shows the trend of"acceleration"that constantly breaks through the boundary of time and space.The application and expansion of digital platform in the traditional business field has reduced various circulation costs in the economic chain,became a new circulation channel and important infrastructure,and realized a"Circulation Revolution".The relevant revenue of digital platform enterprises comes from the residual value transferred from elsewhere,which essentially belongs to the category of pure circulation expenses.Some platform enterprises simply rely on ownership monopoly to ask for"economic rent",which will push up the total social circulation cost and erode the profits of the real economic sector.In addition,the strong position of platform enterprises reshapes the market order of value chain division of labor,and brings negative externalities to non-platform enterprises,the public and even society.In order to give full play to the positive service role of digital platform to the national economy,we must carry out antitrust regulation,economic regulation and social regulation on digital platform enterprises.

关 键 词：数字平台 流通费用 平台规制 经济租 反垄断 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F014.2