非线性晶体和光电材料硒化镓的研究进展  

Research Progress of Nonlinear Crystal and Optoelectronic Material GaSe

作　　者：杜辉 陈巧 刘婷 贺毅[1] 金应荣[1] DU Hui;CHEN Qiao;LIU Ting;HE Yi;JIN Yingrong(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xihua University,Chengdu 611700,China)

机构地区：[1]西华大学材料科学与工程学院,成都611700

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第5期20-29,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：教育部春晖计划项目(12201519);四川省科技厅项目(13201657)。

摘　　要：中远红外激光和光电器件在军事和民用等领域都有广泛的应用。中远红外非线性光学晶体作为中远红外激光器的核心部件变得越来越重要,而硒化镓(GaSe)正是综合性能优异的中远红外非线性光学晶体。此外,二维GaSe材料凭借其优异的光电性能在光电器件(如光电探测器)等领域也有重要应用。尽管GaSe有很多优点,在中远红外方面具有巨大的应用前景,但高光学质量大尺寸的GaSe单晶生长技术仍需进一步研究。通过国内外研究者的努力,GaSe的合成和生长方法不断改进。由于Se易挥发,调控GaSe化学计量比十分重要,调控的途径有:(1)通过补充Se蒸汽来平衡Se蒸汽压从而调控GaSe化学计量比;(2)通过限制Se蒸汽的自由空间有效抑制Se的挥发。其次GaSe的硬度较低,难以切割加工,这也是影响其广泛商业化应用的重要原因。在提高GaSe硬度方面,学者们做了大量的掺杂研究,研究发现通过掺杂可有效提高GaSe晶体的硬度,同时还可以提升一定的光学性能。在二维GaSe方面,虽然目前已经通过各种方法制备出了二维GaSe纳米片,并在电子、光电器件等方面有不错的研究成果,如紫外和红外高响应率光电探测器、气敏传感器、柔性光电器件与光电化学型电极等。但获得高质量、大尺寸和厚度可控的二维GaSe材料仍然困难。本文首先简要介绍了GaSe的结构与性质,然后主要从GaSe块体材料和二维材料两个方面,综述了GaSe材料的制备、掺杂研究、中远红外和太赫兹(THz)波段应用以及在电子器件、光电器件领域的研究进展,最后对GaSe未来研究和应用进行了展望。Mid-far infrared lasers and optoelectronic devices are widely used in military and civilian fields.Mid-far infrared nonlinear optical crystals are becoming more and more important as the core component of mid-far infrared lasers,and gallium selenide(GaSe)is a mid-far infrared nonlinear optical crystal with excellent comprehensive performance.In addition,based on their excellent photoelectric properties,it is more importance for two-dimensional GaSe to use in optoelectronic devices(such as photodetectors).Although GaSe has many advantages and great application prospects in the mid-far infrared,the growth technology of GaSe single crystals with high optical quality and large size still needs further research.Both synthetic and growth methods of GaSe have been continuously improved,through the efforts of domestic and foreign researchers.Since Se is volatile,it is very important to control the stoichiometric ratio of GaSe.The ways of regulation are:(i)adjust the stoichiometric ratio by supplementing Se vapor to balance the Se vapor pressure;(ii)suppress the volatilization of Se by limiting the free space of Se vapor to effectively.Secondly,it is difficult to cut and process for the soft hardness of GaSe,which could account for the important reason that affecting its wide commercial application.To improving the hardness of GaSe,scholars have done a lot of doping research,which could reveal that both the hardness of GaSe crystal and optical performance improved by doping.In terms of two-dimensional GaSe,although two-dimensional GaSe nanometer tablets have been prepared by various methods and good research results have been achieved in electronics,photoelectric devices and other aspects,such as ultraviolet and infrared high responsivity photodetectors,gas sensors,flexible optoelectronic devices and photoelectrochemical electrodes,etc.It is still difficult to obtain two-dimensional GaSe materials with high quality,large size and controllable thickness.Firstly this article briefly introduces the structure and properties o

关 键 词：中远红外 硒化镓 非线性光学晶体 光电器件 二维材料 

分 类 号：O782[理学—晶体学] TN29[电子电信—物理电子学]