陕西省延安市燕沟流域水系分形与地貌侵蚀发育研究  

Fractal Characteristics of Water System and Geomorphic Erosion Development of Yangou Basin in Yan′an City of Shaanxi Province

作　　者：张艳如 李国庆[1,2] 刘冠 鲁奇 杜盛[1,2] ZHANG Yanru;LI Guoqing;LIU Guan;LU Qi;DU Sheng(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,CAS&MWR,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2022年第2期7-10,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0504601);国家自然科学基金(31971488)。

摘　　要：为验证分形维数法与传统地貌法判断地貌侵蚀发育阶段是否一致,基于DEM数据提取陕西省延安市燕沟流域水系结构图,利用网格法计算燕沟流域水系分形维数,利用高程面积曲线法刻画了该流域的地貌侵蚀发育阶段。结果显示:燕沟流域水系长度为61.6 km,水系密度为1.29 km/km^(2),水系数量为109条,燕沟流域水系的分形维值为0.98,高程曲线下面积为0.497。由此可以得出,燕沟流域地貌处于侵蚀发育的壮年期,需要加强该地区水土流失治理;分形维数阈值判断方法忽略了面蚀在地貌侵蚀过程中的作用,它将低估该地区地貌发育程度,因此利用水系分维值推断地貌侵蚀发育阶段的阈值需要更改。In order to verify whether the fractal dimension method is consistent with the traditional geomorphic method in judging the development stage of geomorphic erosion,we extracted the water system structure map of Yangou Basin in Yan′an City,Shaanxi Province based on digital elevation model.The fractal dimension value of the water system was calculated by grid method,and the development stage of geomorphic erosion in the basin was described by hypsometric integral curve method.The results show that the length of water system is 61.6 km,the density of water system is 1.29 km/km^(2),the number of water system is 109,the fractal dimension value of the basin is 0.98,and the area under the hypsometric integral curve is 0.497.The geomorphy of the Yangou Basin is in the prime stage of erosion development.It is necessary to strengthen the control of soil and water loss in this basin.The method of fractal dimension threshold in determining the erosion stage ignores the role of surface erosion in the process of geomorphic erosion,and it will underestimate the degree of geomorphic erosion development in this area.Therefore,the threshold value of fractal dimension should be modified when it is used to infer the development of geomorphic erosion.

关 键 词：分形维数 侵蚀 面积高程积分值 燕沟流域 水系 

分 类 号：P331.3[天文地球—水文科学] P931.6[水利工程—水文学及水资源]