鲁棒视频水印研究进展  

Review of robust video watermarking

作　　者：王翌妃 周杨铭 钱振兴 李晟 张新鹏 Wang Yifei;Zhou Yangming;Qian Zhenxing;Li Sheng;Zhang Xinpeng(School of Computer Science and Technology,Fudan University,Shanghai 200082,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学计算机科学技术学院,上海200082

出　　处：《中国图象图形学报》2022年第1期27-42,共16页Journal of Image and Graphics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U20B2051)。

摘　　要：数字视频在当前通信世界中被认为是一种重要而有效的媒体,广泛应用于新闻、短视频和有线网络广播视频节目中。随着计算机与互联网技术的发展,数字视频内容容易被侵权使用者肆意复制和传播,如何保护视频版权日益成为人们关注的问题。鲁棒视频水印是实现视频版权保护的一种有效手段。作为数字视频水印的分支,鲁棒视频水印是一种通过特定算法在需要被保护的视频对象中嵌入秘密信息———水印来证明版权归属的技术。本文对当前的视频水印技术进行了概述,对视频水印的概念、应用场景、分类方式、设计要求、发展历程和相关经典方法进行了介绍和梳理。本文归纳总结了2016—2021年鲁棒视频水印相关研究工作,包括基于内容的、基于码流的、基于深度学习和其他类型视频水印,并对其中部分工作进行了相应的性能比较和分析。其中,基于内容的视频水印方法将视频看做帧序列,由于在每一帧上应用水印算法,不考虑视频的编解码过程,这类方法实现简单,计算效率高;基于码流的视频水印方法将水印嵌入到编码比特流中,该方案更快速,故可支持实时视频水印应用;基于深度学习的方法取代了依靠手工设计的特征来提高水印的性能。最后分析了鲁棒视频水印的未来发展趋势。Digital video is an essential effective medium in the communication world nowadays.It is widely used in news,short video and cable network broadcast video programs.Digital video content is easily copied and spread for infringing users,which makes the digital video face severe privacy difficulties.Video copyright has been concerned consistently.In order to protect and claim video ownership,robust video watermarking is one of the important techniques.As a branch of digital video watermarking,robust video watermarking is a technology to authorize copyright ownership.Embedding secret information into the video object needs to be protected by a specific algorithm.This article shows an overview of video watermarking technology.The application scenarios of different types of video watermarking are introduced,including copyright protection,content protection,content authentication,content filtering,broadcast monitoring and online search overall.The classification methods of video watermarking is illustrated,which can be classified based on watermarking attributes and carrier objects.The main properties of watermarking have been embedding capacity,perceptibility,and robustness.In accordance with the existence of embedding capacity,video watermarking can be divided into zero watermarking and non-zero watermarking.Video watermarking can be divided into visible and invisible watermarking in terms of its perceptibility.Video watermarking can be divided into robust video watermarking,semi-fragile video watermarking,and fragile video watermarking via the robustness.Carrier video formats has mainly evolved 2D video,3D video and virtual reality(VR)video,among which 2D video is the mainstream video format at present.2D video watermarking can be further classified based on embedding method and extraction method,in which the embedding method can be divided into contentbased video watermarking and bit stream-based video watermarking,and the extraction method can be divided into nonblind extraction,blind detection and semi-blind extra

关 键 词：版权保护 信息隐藏 数字水印 视频水印 鲁棒视频水印 

分 类 号：TP309.7[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]