老年骨质疏松症患者营养状况评估及影响因素分析  

Evaluation on Nutritional Status and Influencing Factors Analysis in Elderly Patients with Osteoporosis

作　　者：赵晰辉 苏燕玲[1] 胡艳芳 马灵芝[1] 祁桂芝 ZHAO Xi-hui;SU Yan-ling;HU Yan-fang;MA Ling-zhi;QI Gui-zhi(Department of Geriatrics,Liangxiang Hospital,Fangshan District in Beijing City,Beijing 102400,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区良乡医院老年医学科,北京102400

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2022年第2期70-73,共4页Food and Nutrition in China

摘　　要：目的:对老年骨质疏松症患者进行营养状态评估,并探讨相关影响因素。方法:选择自2019年12月—2021年6月在我院就诊的220例患者为研究对象。采用微型营养评价法(MNA)量表进行营养状况评估,自制问卷进行一般人口学、生活方式及健康状况调查。运用t检验或方差分析进行营养状况相关危险因素的单因素分析,多元线性回归进行多因素分析。结果:老年骨质疏松症患者MNA平均得分为(22.79±4.193)分,其中营养状况良好者、存在发生营养不良的危险及营养状况差者分别占所有患者的42.27%、50%、7.73%。多因素分析结果显示,性别为男性、年龄≥70岁、文化程度为小学及以下、饮酒、病情程度重及疼痛程度重为老年骨质疏松症患者营养不良的危险因素,喝牛奶及经常运动为保护因素,均有P<0.001。结论:老年骨质疏松症患者营养状况不佳,众多因素均可对此产生影响,临床工作者可针对患者存在的,且可改变的相关危险因素进行重点指导。[Objective]To evaluate the nutritional status of elderly patients with osteoporosis and explore related influencing factors.[Method]Totally 220 patients who were treated in our hospital from December 2019 to June 2021 were selected as the research objects.The micro-nutrition assessment method(MNA)scale was used to evaluate the nutritional status,and the self-made questionnaire was used to conduct general demographic,lifestyle and health status surveys.Use t-test or analysis of variance for single factor analysis of risk factors related to nutritional status,and multiple linear regression for multivariate analysis.[Result]The average MNA score of elderly patients with osteoporosis was(22.79±4.193)points,and those with good nutritional status,those at risk of malnutrition and poor nutritional status accounted for 42.27%,50%,and 7.73%of all patients,respectively.The results of multivariate analysis showed that male sex,age≥70 years,education level of elementary school and below,drinking,severe illness and severe pain are the risk factors for malnutrition in elderly patients with osteoporosis,and drinking milk and regular exercise were protective factors(all P<0.001).[Conclusion]The nutritional status of elderly patients with osteoporosis is poor,and many factors can affect this.Clinicians can focus on the relevant risk factors which exist in the patient and can be changed.

关 键 词：骨质疏松症 老年人 营养状况 危险因素 

分 类 号：R580[医药卫生—内分泌] R151.42[医药卫生—内科学]