古书画保护修复中的二次脱色现象及预防  

Research on the secondary shedding of pigment in the restoration of ancient paintings and calligraphy and its prevention

作　　者：田朋[1] 尚小临 王若苏 TIAN Peng;SHANG Xiaolin;WANG Ruosu(School of Art and Media, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710032, China;Xi’an Zhishanggongfang Cultural Relics Protection Co. , Ltd. , Xi’an 710065, China;School of Cultural Heritage, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China)

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学艺术与传媒学院,陕西西安710032 [2]西安纸尚工坊文物保护有限公司,陕西西安710065 [3]西北大学文化遗产学院,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2022年第1期35-41,共7页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

摘　　要：中国古书画源远流长,在长期的收藏和传承历史中会出现各种各样的病害,传统书画修复技术因此得到发展。在书画修复中,观察和分析作品的病害情况是制定修复计划的重要前提,但保护修复中发生的脱色现象是后出现的二次病害,在修复计划中易被忽略以致画心被破坏,失去色泽变得暗淡,甚至出现部分内容缺失,对书画伤害极大,故而对修复中的二次脱色现象进行研究并优化相关修复技术是至关重要的。本工作以实践经验为基础,对古书画修复中的二次脱色现象进行全面的阐述和研究,从材料和工艺的角度分析了病害成因,将常见的修复中人为造成的脱色现象进行了分类,提出了修复中二次脱色现象发生的预防判断标准,优化了修复技术,为古书画病害的研究、书画修复技术的优化提供参考。Ancient Chinese paintings and calligraphy boast a long history,but many diseases occur in very old collections.Consequently,traditional restoration techniques for paintings and calligraphy have been developing.Based on experience,observing and analyzing diseases is an important precondition to developing a restoration plan.But the shedding of pigment is a secondary disease occurring during restoration.It is often overlooked during planning,which may then cause the destruction of painting,loss of color and dimming,and even the loss of parts of content.The disease is extremely harmful to paintings,so it is important to research the secondary shedding of pigment during restoration and optimize related restoration techniques.Based on practical experience,we carefully researched the secondary shedding of pigment during restoration,analyzed its cause from the perspective of materials and techniques,and proposed criteria for its prevention.This work could provide reference for the research on diseases of ancient paintings and calligraphy as well as the optimization of restoration techniques.

关 键 词：人为破坏 颜料脱落 修复工艺 书画命纸 矿物颜料 

分 类 号：K876.91[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] G264.3[历史地理—历史学]