饲料源Cu(Ⅱ)在生物絮团水产养殖系统中的积累及其对氨氧化的影响  

Study on the accumulation of Cu(Ⅱ)from feed in bioflocs aquaculture systems and its influenece on ammonia oxidation

作　　者：徐波[1] 刘文畅[1,2] 谭洪新[1,2] 罗国芝[1,2] 万玉美 姚妙兰[1] XU Bo;LIU Wenchang;TAN Hongxin;LUO Guozhi;WAN Yumei;YAO Miaolan(Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Agriculture(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai 201306,China;Ocean College,Hebei Agriculture University,Qinhuangdao 066000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心(上海海洋大学),上海201306 [2]水产动物良种创制与绿色养殖协同创新中心(上海海洋大学),上海201306 [3]河北农业大学海洋学院,河北秦皇岛066000

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2022年第1期18-23,共6页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划(20326701D);上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(19DZ2284300);上海海洋大学青年基金(2021)。

摘　　要：为提高生物絮团技术的安全性,试验探究硝化型生物絮团水产养殖系统中饲料源铜Cu(Ⅱ)的积累情况和Cu(Ⅱ)对生物絮团氨氧化的影响。通过对生物絮团养殖系统中的水体铜Cu(Ⅱ)和絮团中Cu(Ⅱ)含量进行测定。结果显示:养殖系统中水体Cu(Ⅱ)含量随着饲料投喂而不断上升,在投喂91 d后达到(18.34±0.77)μg/L,絮团中的Cu(Ⅱ)含量在91 d的养殖期无明显积累现象。将上述养殖絮团用去离子水洗涤后,每个组额外添加了0、25、50、100、250、500、1000μg/g的Cu(Ⅱ),同时添加氨氧化反应底物氯化铵(NH_(4)Cl),发现各组的氨氧化速率均可以达到0.44 mg/(L·h)及以上,且20 h内的氨氮去除率均在97%以上。研究表明,该系统中水体Cu(Ⅱ)含量会随着饲料投喂持续积累,而絮团Cu(Ⅱ)含量在91 d的养殖期不会积累,同时,即使系统中Cu(Ⅱ)达到了1000μg/L,也不会对氨氧化效果产生显著影响。In order to enhance the safety of the bioflocculation technology,the accumulation of the feed-source copper Cu(Ⅱ)and effect of Cu(Ⅱ)on the ammonia oxidation in nitrification bioflocculation aquaculture system was experimentally investigated.The concentration of Cu(Ⅱ)in the culture water as well as the concentration contained in the flocs of the biofloc aquaculture system were determined,respectively.The results showed that the Cu(Ⅱ)content in the breeding system was increasing with the feed feeding,reachingμg/L(18.34±0.77)after 91 d,and the Cu(Ⅱ)content in the bioflocs did not accumulate significantly at 91 d.After washing the above cultured floc with deionized water,0,25,50,100,250,500,1000μg/L Cu(Ⅱ)were added to each group and simultaneously adding NH_(4)Cl,which served as a reaction substrate for the ammonia oxidation process.At the end of the study,it was found that the ammonia oxidation rate for each group was above 0.44 mg/Lh and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was above 97%in 20 h.The results showed that the concentration of Cu(Ⅱ)in the water continued to accumulate with the feeding regime,but that of flocs did not accumulate during the 91-day period.Most importantly,it was found that even if Cu(Ⅱ)in the system reached 1000μg/L,it would not significantly affect the effect of ammonia oxidation.

关 键 词：生物絮团技术 水产养殖 水处理 铜离子 氨氧化 

分 类 号：S967.9[农业科学—水产养殖]