贵州省遵义市烟区施用钙、镁肥对烤烟K326产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Calcium and Magnesium Application on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco K326 in Zunyi City Tobacco-growing Area

作　　者：刘茜茜 黄莺 王小利[1] 段建军 Liu Xixi;Huang Ying;Wang Xiaoli;Duan Jianjun(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Tobacco College of Guizhou University/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research of Guizhou Province,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学烟草学院/贵州省烟草品质研究重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2022年第2期59-65,共7页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：遵义烟区大量元素失调症及调控措施研究(遵义计[2016]1)。

摘　　要：钙、镁、硫是植物必需中量营养元素,农业生产中主要施氮、磷、钾肥并强调其平衡施用,近些年来开始逐渐重视微量元素肥料施用,但仍然忽视并很少施用镁等中量元素肥料。因此,以烤烟K326为供试材料,通过开展钙、镁肥的二因素三水平大田试验,研究钙镁肥施用量对遵义市湄潭县烟地烤烟农艺性状、产量及品质的影响,为当地烤烟合理施用钙镁肥提供参考。结果表明,施用钙肥降低了烤烟的茎高、茎粗、最大叶长、最大叶宽和叶面积等农艺性状,而施用镁肥能改善烟株农艺性状。钙肥(CaO)施用量84 kg/hm^(2)时显著降低了烤烟的产量和产值(P<0.05),施用镁肥均能增加烤烟的产量和产值,随着镁肥用量的增加,烤烟产量与产值表现出先增加后降低的趋势,其中施用镁肥(MgO)25 kg/hm^(2)时产量和产值显著高于其他处理。从化学品质指标看,施用钙镁肥均会降低烟叶钾含量、提高烟叶还原糖含量和糖碱比。T_(1)不施钙镁肥处理多数指标优于T_(10)施烤烟专用复合肥处理,表明当前的烤烟专用肥可能存在钙镁不平衡现象。综合各指标看,遵义烟区在当前氮磷钾肥施用量基础上不施钙肥而增施镁肥25 kg/hm^(2)更利于烤烟产量与品质的平衡以及获取更大的经济效益。Calcium,magnesium and sulfur are essential medium nutrient elements for plants.Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are mainly applied in agricultural production and their balanced application is emphasized.In recent years,more attention has been paid to the application of trace element fertilizers,but magnesium and other medium element fertilizers are still ignored and rarely applied.Therefore,taking flue-cured tobacco K326 as the test material,through the field experiment of two factors and three levels of calcium and magnesium fertilizer,the effects of calcium and magnesium fertilizer application on the agronomic characters,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco in Meitan County,Zunyi City were studied,so as to provide reference for the rational application of calcium and magnesium fertilizer in local flue-cured tobacco.The results showed that the application of calcium fertilizer decreased the agronomic characters of flue-cured tobacco,such as stem height,stem diameter,maximum leaf length,maximum leaf width and leaf area,while the application of magnesium fertilizer could improve the agronomic characters of tobacco plant.The application of calcium fertilizer(CaO)at 84 kg/hm^(2) significantly reduced the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco(P<0.05).The application of magnesium fertilizer could increase the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco.With the increase of magnesium fertilizer,the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco increased first and then decreased.The yield and output value of magnesium fertilizer(MgO)at 25 kg/hm^(2) were significantly higher than those of other treatments.From the chemical quality indexes,the application of calcium and magnesium fertilizer would reduce the potassium content of tobacco leaves and increase the reducing sugar content and sugar alkali ratio of tobacco leaves.Most indexes of T 1 without calcium magnesium fertilizer treatment were better than T 10 with special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco,indicating that the current special

关 键 词：烤烟 钙肥 镁肥 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]