焦虑症患者的记忆障碍  

Memory disorder in patients with anxiety

作　　者：林俊雄[1] 林贤浩[1] LIN Junxiong;LIN Xianhao(Department of Applied Psychology,School of Health,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350122,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学健康学院应用心理学系,福州350122

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2022年第2期179-185,共7页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：福建医科大学教授发展基金项目(编号:JS15008)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨焦虑症患者外显记忆、内隐记忆损害状况,并进一步比较不同焦虑程度对患者记忆的影响。方法:研究选取40名焦虑症患者与30名健康志愿者作为实验被试,通过修正的加工分离法测查外显记忆与内隐记忆水平。结果:焦虑症组被试在图像概念(t=-2.211,P<0.05)、文字知觉(t=-2.511,P<0.05)和文字概念(t=-2.460,P<0.05)驱动上的外显记忆成绩显著低于正常组被试,两组被试图像知觉驱动外显记忆及4类不同驱动内隐记忆成绩无显著差异;正常组与轻度、中度、重度焦虑症组被试之间,图像概念(F=5.456,P<0.01)、文字知觉(F=4.326,P<0.05)、文字概念(F=9.224,P<0.01)驱动外显记忆均存在显著性差异,图像知觉驱动外显记忆及4类不同驱动内隐记忆成绩差异均无显著性。两两比较后发现,在正常组与轻度组、中度组与重度组之间,内隐记忆成绩均无显著性差异,但是正常组或轻度组的外显记忆均优于中度组或者重度组;不同性别被试4类驱动类型上的外显成绩与内隐成绩差异均无统计学意义。结论:(1)焦虑症患者的外显记忆功能广泛受损,而内隐记忆功能保持完好;(2)焦虑程度越高,患者外显记忆受损越严重;(3)汉密尔顿焦虑量表得分的严重程度中,轻度与中度之间是焦虑症患者记忆损害的界限;(4)外显记忆与内隐记忆不存在性别差异。Objective:To investigate the impairment of explicit memory and implicit memory in patients with anxiety disorder,and to further compare the effects of different anxiety levels on patients’ memory.Methods:In this study,40 anxiety disorder patients and 30 healthy volunteers were selected as experimental subjects,explicit and implicit memory levels were measured by modified processing separation method.Results:The performance of explicit memory in the anxiety group on image concept(t=-2.211,P<0.05),word perception(t=-2.511,P<0.05)and word concept(t=-2.460,P<0.05)was significantly lower than those in the normal group.Among the normal group and the mild,moderate and severe anxiety groups,there were significant differences in explicit memory driven by image concept(F=5.456,P<0.01),word perception(F=4.326,P<0.05),and word concept(F=9.224,P<0.01).After comparing the two found that in the normal group and mild group,the moderate group and severe group,between implicit memory scores had no significant difference,but the normal group,or explicit memory in mild group were superior to moderate or severe group;In the anxiety group or the normal group,there was no statistically significant difference between the explicit and implicit scores of the four types of drivers.Conclusion:(1)The explicit memory function of anxiety patients is widely impaired,while the implicit memory function remains intact.(2)The higher the severity of anxiety,the more severely the patient’s explicit memory is impaired.(3)Hamilton anxiety scale scores in the severity of mild and moderate anxiety is the boundary of memory impairment.(4)There is no gender difference between explicit memory and implicit memory.

关 键 词：焦虑症 内隐记忆 外显记忆 加工分离法 

分 类 号：R395.3[哲学宗教—心理学]