攀枝花市中心医院2010年-2019年新报告HIV/AIDS患者的流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients in Panzhihua Central Hospital from 2010 to 2019

作　　者：杨文娟[1,2] 魏垠昊[1] 唐卓芸 刘岚剑 杨先荣 李靖[2] 陶传敏[1] YANG Wenjuan;WEI Yinhao;TANG Zhuoyun;LIU Lanjian;YANG Xianrong;LI Jing;TAO Chuanmin(Department of Laboratory Medicine,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,P.R.China;Department of Laboratory Medicine,Panzhihua Central Hospital,Panzhihua,Sichuan 617067,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院实验医学科,成都610041 [2]攀枝花市中心医院检验科,四川攀枝花617067

出　　处：《华西医学》2022年第2期248-254,共7页West China Medical Journal

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2020YFS0136)。

摘　　要：目的分析攀枝花市中心医院新报告人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者的临床流行病学特征和趋势,为综合医院制定精准防控措施提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析2010年-2019年攀枝花市中心医院新报告HIV/AIDS患者的性别、年龄、民族、传播途径等信息。结果攀枝花市中心医院2010年-2019年接受HIV筛查患者共计551545例,新报告HIV/AIDS患者1091例,确证阳性率为0.20%。确证例数及阳性率在2010-2017年持续增加,2018年以后明显下降。新报告HIV/AIDS患者的男女比例为2.86∶1,以31~45岁中青年为主(31.16%)。已婚者(58.02%)、小学学历(40.70%)、农民(46.38%)及汉族(79.84%)为主要感染人群。彝族占比高(18.52%),且占比逐年上升(χ_(趋势)^(2)=8.131,P=0.004),彝族患者主要来自凉山彝族自治州(58.42%)。新报告HIV/AIDS患者中市外患者占比过半(50.32%),其中凉山彝族自治州患者占比逐年增长(χ_(趋势)^(2)=13.608,P<0.001)。异性传播是主要传播途径(90.93%),占比呈上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=22.137,P<0.001);其次是注射毒品(4.49%),占比呈下降趋势(χ2趋势=11.758,P=0.001);男性与女性(P=0.020)、汉族与彝族(P<0.001)在传播途径构成上差异均有统计学意义。结论攀枝花市中心医院新报告HIV/AIDS患者具有少数民族占比高和以异性传播为主等特点。Objective To analyze the clinical epidemiological characteristics and trends of newly reported human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)patients in Panzhihua Central Hospital,and provide a scientific basis for general hospitals to formulate precise prevention and control measures.Methods The information such as gender,age,ethnicity,and transmission route of the newly reported HIV/AIDS patients in Panzhihua Central Hospital from 2010 to 2019 was retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 551545 patients were screened for HIV in Panzhihua Central Hospital between 2010 and 2019,among them,1091 patients were confirmed as HIV infection finally,with a confirmed positive rate of 0.20%.The number of confirmed cases and the positive rate continued to increase from 2010 to 2017,and obviously declined after 2018.The male to female ratio of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients was 2.86∶1,and the 31-45 years old middle-aged and young adults were the majority(31.16%).The majority of HIV/AIDS patients were identified as married(58.02%),primary school education(40.70%),farmers(46.38%),and Han nationality(79.84%).Yi nationality also had a high proportion(18.52%)with an increasing trend year by year(χ_(trend)^(2)=8.131,P=0.004).Yi nationality patients were mainly from Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture(58.42%).A high proportion of 50.32%of patients came from other cities,among them,the proportion of patients from Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture increased over time(χ_(trend)^(2)=13.608,P<0.001).The transmission routes were mainly through heterosexual sex(90.93%),with an upward tendency of proportion(χ_(trend)^(2)=22.137,P<0.001),and transmission through drug abuse was following(4.49%),with an downward tendency of the proportion(χ_(trend)^(2)=11.758,P=0.001).Significant differences in transmission routes were observed between males and females(P=0.020),and between Han nationality and Yi nationality(P<0.001).Conclusion The newly repored HIV/AIDS patients in Panzhihua Central Hospital have a hig

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 流行病学特征 综合医院 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]