聚氨酯基形状记忆材料的研究进展  

A Review on Polyurethane-Based Shape Memory Materials

作　　者：孙焕红[1] 王琦 李霞[1] SUN Huan-hong;WANG Qi;LI Xia(Ningxia Vocational Technical College of Industry and Commerce,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Baoli Technology Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 751400,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏工商职业技术学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏宝利科技设计研究院有限公司,宁夏银川751400

出　　处：《塑料科技》2021年第12期95-98,共4页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：高等职业教育创新发展行动计划宁夏现代煤化工应用技术协同创新中心建设项目(教职成函[2019]10号);2020年度宁夏高等学校科学研究项目(NGY2020154)。

摘　　要：概述形状记忆聚氨酯材料的特点、种类和响应机理。综述近年来几种响应类型(热致型、电致型、磁致型、光致型、溶致型等)的聚氨酯基形状记忆复合材料的研究进展。讨论不同种类填料、工艺及结构对材料的力学性、形状回复性的影响。指出提高形状记忆性能,且不影响其他性能,制备具有可逆形变,对外界具有感知功能,可降解,转变温度接近人体体温的聚氨酯基形状记忆材料仍存在挑战。解决和优化填料在聚合物中的分散问题,制备多重刺激机制协同作用的新型功能化聚氨酯基形状记忆材料需要进一步研究,对材料的微观结构和相互作用等问题仍然值得深入探讨。The characteristics,types and response mechanism of shape memory polyurethane materials were summarized.The research progress of polyurethane-based shape memory composites with several response types(thermo-induced,electro-induced,magne-induced,photo-induced and solution-induced)in recent years was reviewed.The effects of different types of fillers,processes and structures on the mechanical properties and shape recovery of materials were discussed.It is pointed out that to improve the shape memory performance without affecting other properties,the preparation of polyurethane-based shape memory materials with reversible deformation,sensing function to the outside world,degradable,and transition temperature close to human body temperature still have challenges.To solve and optimize the dispersion of fillers in the polymer,the preparation of new functional polyurethane-based shape memory materials with synergistic effect of multiple stimulation mechanisms needs further study,and the microstructure and interaction of materials are still worthy of further discussion.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 形状记忆 复合材料 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]