桂东南某河流铊污染后人群铊暴露状况初步调查  

Preliminary investigation on residents’thallium exposure after thallium pollution in a river in southeast Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China

作　　者：许露曦 林思宇[2] 蒋慧[1] 黄林[1] 黄江平[1] 黎林[1] 王汝艳[2] 韦日荣[1] 黎勇[1] 钟格梅[1] 廖健[2] XU Lu-xi;LIN Si-yu;JIANG Hui;HUANG Lin;HUANG Jiang-ping;LI Lin;WANG Ru-yan;WEI Ri-rong;LI Yong;ZHONG Ge-mei;LIAO Jian(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Nanning 530028,China;Hezhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,南宁530028 [2]贺州市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2022年第1期30-35,共6页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：广西壮族自治区医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目(S2017064);贺州市科技开发项目(贺科攻1408027)。

摘　　要：目的了解桂东南某河流铊污染3年后沿岸某村井水、土壤、地产食用农产品以及居民重金属铊含量水平,评估当地居民健康风险。方法于2016年,选择2013年发生铊污染事件的某河流沿岸某村作为污染区,选择该河流污染段上游沿岸的1个自然村作为对照区。采集井水、土壤、地产食用农产品及(18~75)岁常住居民尿液样品,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定井水、土壤、食物及尿液铊含量水平。结果污染区井水铊含量(M=0.290μg/L)高于对照区(未检出),差异有统计学意义(z=-6.51,P<0.01),污染区井水铊合格率(24.6%)低于对照区(100.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=42.48,P<0.01);污染区土壤铊含量(M=0.755 mg/kg)高于对照区(M=0.595 mg/kg),差异有统计学意义(z=-2.02,P<0.05);污染区食物铊含量(M=1.861μg/kg)高于对照区(M=0.250μg/kg),差异有统计学意义(z=-4.14,P<0.01);污染区人群尿铊含量(G=0.70μg/g肌酐)与对照区(G=0.67μg/g肌酐)相比差异无统计学意义(F=1.18,P>0.05)。结论污染区人群存在一定水平的铊暴露,但人群尿铊水平与对照区人群水平相当。Objective To investigate thallium levels in well water,soil,and food products from land,as well as residents of a village along a river of thallium pollution in southeast Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China after thallium pollution three years later,and to evaluate the health risk of local residents.Methods In 2016,a village along a river where a thallium pollution event had occurred in 2013 were selected as the polluted area,and a natural village along the upstream of the polluted river section were selected as the control area.Well water samples,soil samples,land-produced food samples,and urine samples from local residents aged between 18 and 75 years were collected to measure thallium levels by ICP-MS.Results Compared with the control area,the polluted area had a significantly higher thallium level in well water(median:not detected vs 0.290μg/L,z=-6.51,P<0.01),a significantly lower qualified rate of thallium in well water(100.0%vs 24.6%,χ^(2)=42.48,P<0.01),a significantly higher thallium level in soil(median:0.595 vs 0.755 mg/kg,z=-2.02,P<0.05),and a significantly higher thallium level in food(median:0.250 vs 1.861μg/kg,z=-4.14,P<0.01).There was no significant difference in urinary thallium content among residents in the polluted area and those in the control area(geometric mean:0.70 vs 0.67μg/g creatinine,F=1.18,P>0.05).Conclusion Residents in the polluted area are exposed to thallium to a certain extent,but their urinary thallium level is similar to that of residents in the control area.

关 键 词：铊污染 环境介质铊 尿铊 暴露 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]