不同株距与氮水平对夏玉米全株产量和饲用品质的影响  

Effect of different plant spacing and nitrogen levels on yield and feeding quality of summer maize whole plant

作　　者：王丽学[1] 何峰[2] 仝宗永[2] 张一为 于静 陈丽丽 马毅[1] 王洋 WANG Li-xue;HE Feng;TONG Zong-yong;ZHANG Yi-wei;YU Jing;CHEN Li-li;MA Yi;WANG Yang

机构地区：[1]天津市农业科学院,天津300192 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193 [3]天津市农业发展服务中心,天津300381 [4]天津梦得集团有限公司,天津300000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2021年第23期110-113,共4页Feed Research

基　　金：天津市农业科技成果转化项目(项目编号:201901190);国家现代农业产业技术体系(项目编号:CARS-36);天津市奶牛(肉羊)现代农业产业技术体系创新团队(项目编号:ITTCRS202100002);天津市科技计划项目(项目编号:19ZXBTSN00190);中央引导地方科技发展专项(项目编号:20ZYCGSN00030)。

摘　　要：试验探讨天津地区夏玉米的适宜种植密度及氮肥管理模式,采用双因素随机区组设计,研究不同株距(20、25、30 cm)和不同氮水平(0、225、315 kg/hm^(2))对夏玉米株高、全株产量和饲用品质的影响,采用隶属函数法对夏玉米全株产量和饲用品质进行综合评价。结果表明,随着株距减小,夏玉米全株鲜、干产量及中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量均呈升高趋势,其中20、25 cm处理鲜产量比30 cm处理显著增加(P<0.05),20 cm处理干产量NDF和ADF含量比30 cm显著增加(P<0.05)。施氮225、315 kg/hm^(2)处理组夏玉米各项指标及综合隶属函数均显著优于不施氮处理(P<0.05)。株距和氮水平对夏玉米株高、全株产量和饲用品质及综合隶属函数的影响均不存在显著的互作效应。研究表明,天津地区夏玉米种植在行距60 cm的前提下,株距25 cm、施氮225 kg/hm^(2)时可获得较高的全株产量和饲用品质。The experiment was to explore the suitable planting and nitrogen fertilization management mode of summer maize in Tianjin area, conducting with a two-factor randomized block design. The effect of different plant spacing(20, 25,30 cm) and different nitrogen levels(0, 225, 315 kg/hm^(2)) on plant height, whole plant yield and feeding quality of summer maize were studied. The whole plant yield and feeding quality of summer maize were comprehensively evaluated by membership function method. The results showed that with the decrease of plant spacing, the fresh yield, dry yield, and NDF and ADF content of summer maize increased. The fresh yield of 20, 25 cm treatment were significantly higher than that of 30 cm treatment(P<0.05). The dry yield, and NDF and ADF content of 20 cm treatment were significantly higher than that of 30 cm treatment(P<0.05). Indexes and comprehensive membership functions of summer maize in 225 and315 kg/hm^(2) N treatment group were significantly better than those in no N treatment(P<0.05). There was no significant interaction between plant spacing treatments and nitrogen application levels on plant height, yield, feeding quality and comprehensive membership function of summer maize. The experiment indicates that under the premise of planting row spacing of 60 cm in Tianjin area, summer maize can obtain higher whole plant yield and better feeding quality when the plant spacing is 25 cm and the nitrogen level is 225 kg/hm^(2).

关 键 词：株距 氮水平 夏玉米 产量 饲用品质 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]