激光熔覆工艺参数对铜/钢双金属复合材料组织的影响  

Influence of Laser Cladding Process Parameters on Microstructure of Copper-Steel Bimetallic Composites

作　　者：缪喆宇 高义民[1] 王怡然 施庆峰[2] 亓云飞[2] MIAO Zhe-yu;GAO Yi-min;WANG Yi-ran;SHI Qing-feng;QI Yun-fei(State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710049,Shaanxi,China;China Railway Baoji Bridge Group Co.,Ltd.,Baoji 721006,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学金属强度国家重点实验室,材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710049 [2]中铁宝桥集团有限公司,陕西宝鸡721006

出　　处：《铸造》2022年第2期151-157,共7页Foundry

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2021JQ-049);中国博士后科学基金面上资助(2021M692516);广东省重点领域研发计划资助项目(2019B010942001)。

摘　　要：铁路道岔部件的Q235钢制滑床板在服役时需要人工涂油减摩,造成极大的人力物力浪费。采用具有自润滑性能的铜基材料与钢铁材料复合,制备铜/钢双金属复合材料,可以实现减摩耐磨耐蚀功能,作为滑床板材料具有极大的应用前景。通过激光熔覆技术可以高效制备铜/钢双金属复合材料,而激光熔覆参数对材料性能具有重要的影响。研究了激光熔覆工艺参数对熔覆层界面组织的影响,对不同的激光功率、扫描速率参数进行了分析。研究结果表明,在粉胶比为1:1、预置粉末厚度为1 mm时,选择激光功率1000 W,激光扫描速率1000 mm/min时,熔覆层组织最佳,其表面组织为α-铜相与Fe 8 CuS弥散相,界面处组织为α-铜相、富铁相与Fe8CuS弥散相,界面冶金结合良好。Q235 steel sliding bed plate of railway turnout components needs to be oiled manually to reduce friction,resulting in a great waste of human and material resources.Copper/steel bimetallic composites are formed by using copper matrix materials with self-lubricating properties and steel materials,which can realize the function of antifriction,wear resistance and corrosion resistance.It has great application prospects as sliding bed plate materials.Copper/steel bimetallic composites can be prepared efficiently by laser cladding technology,and laser cladding parameters have an important impact on the properties of the materials.In this paper,the effects of laser cladding process parameters on the microstructure of cladding layer were studied,and different laser power and scanning rate parameters were analyzed.The results showed that when the powder binder ratio was 1:1 and the preset powder thickness was 1mm,the microstructure of the cladding layer was the best when the laser power was 1000 W and the laser scanning rate was 1000 mm/min,which consisted ofα-Copper phase and Fe8CuS dispersed phase,and the microstructure at the interface wasα-Copper phase,iron rich phase and Fe 8 CuS dispersed phase,obtaining a good metallurgical bonding at the interface.

关 键 词：铜/钢双金属复合材料 激光熔覆 工艺参数 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]