牛奶体细胞评分、胎次、季节与产奶量及乳成分相关性分析  

Correlation Analysis of Milk Somatic Cell Score,Parity,Season and Milk Production and Milk Composition

作　　者：罗林 邹紫雯 宛麟 李鑫丽 王斯琦 沈冰蕾[1] Luo Lin;Zou Ziwen;Wan Lin;Li Xinli;Wang Siqi;Shen Binglei(College of Animal Science and Technology,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院,大庆163319

出　　处：《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》2022年第1期44-49,92,共7页journal of heilongjiang bayi agricultural university

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2018M631970);黑龙江省博士后启动基金(LBH-Z16166);黑龙江省牛病防制重点实验室开放课题(PCBD201708)资助项目。

摘　　要：为研究黑龙江地区牛奶体细胞评分、产奶量、乳成分间的关系以及体细胞评分所造成的损失。收集了黑龙江某奶牛场2017~2019年成年荷斯坦奶牛的生产性能测定记录。收集数据录入EXCEL后,剔除不符合标准的数据。之后利用SPSS 26软件对奶牛胎次、产奶季节、体细胞评分、产奶量、乳成分进行显著性以及相关性分析。分析结果表明,奶牛总体体细胞评分均值为19.50万个·mL^(-1),奶牛患有乳房炎比率较低。体细胞评分与胎次、乳成分呈现正相关性,与产奶量呈现负相关性;产奶量与乳成分呈现不同程度的负相关性,与胎次呈现正相关性;乳脂率与乳蛋白率呈现正相关性。体细胞评分与产奶量和乳成分具有显著差异性,并且随着产奶量的增加而减少,乳成分随着体细胞评分的增加而增加。胎次与产奶量,体细胞评分具有显著差异性,随着胎次的增加,奶牛的产奶量、体细胞分逐渐增加,当其大于等于4胎时,奶牛产奶量开始降低;冬季奶牛产奶量最高。季节与产奶量、乳成分、体细胞评分存在显著差异性,且秋季乳脂率和乳蛋白率最高,秋、冬两季的体细胞评分显著高于春、夏。而体细胞数造成的经济损失可达17354.48元,当体细胞数大于10万个·mL^(-1)起,就会对牧场造成经济损失。综上所述,体细胞评分与产奶量、乳成分、胎次有关,并且各个等级的体细胞评分与产奶量、乳成分、胎次间存在显著差异性;不同季节与产奶量、乳成分、体细胞评分间具有显著差异性;当体细胞数从大于10万开始,就会对牛场造成经济损失,建议对于体细胞数大于10万的奶牛应该提高关注程度。研究将基于奶牛生产性能测定数据,科学利用奶牛生产性能测定数据,为我国牧场现代化和规模化发展提供依据。To study the relationship between somatic cell score,milk production,milk composition and the loss caused by somatic cell score in Heilongjiang area.This study collected the production performance measurement records of adult Holstein cows in a dairy farm in Heilongjiang from 2017 to 2019.After the collected data is entered into EXCEL,data that does not meet the standard is eliminated.After that,SPSS 26 software was used to analyze the significance and correlation of cow parity,milk production season,somatic cell score,milk production,and milk composition.The analysis results show that the average somatic cell score of dairy cows is 195 thousand cells/mL,and the rate of dairy cows suffering from mastitis is low.Somatic cell scores are positively correlated with parity and milk composition,and negatively correlated with milk production;milk production and milk composition are negatively correlated to varying degrees,and positively correlated with parity;milk fat rate and milk protein The rate shows a positive correlation.Somatic cell score is significantly different from milk production and milk composition,and decreases with the increase of milk production,and milk composition increases with the increase of somatic cell score.Parity and milk production,somatic cell scores have significant differences.With the increase of parity,milk production and somatic cell score of dairy cows gradually increase.When it is 4 or more litters,milk production of dairy cows begins to decrease;in winter Cows produce the highest milk production.There are significant differences between seasons and milk production,milk composition,and somatic cell scores.The milk fat rate and milk protein rate are the highest in autumn.Somatic cell scores in autumn and winter are significantly higher than those in spring and summer.The economic loss caused by the number of somatic cells can reach RMB 17,354.48.When the number of somatic cells exceeds 100 000/mL,it will cause economic losses to the pasture.In summary,somatic cell score is related to m

关 键 词：体细胞评分 DHI 产奶量 乳成分 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S81[农业科学—畜牧学]