唐代郎官的兼任与迁转形态考论  

A Textual Research on the Concurrent Positions and Transferring Forms of Langguan in the Tang Dynasty

作　　者：王永波[1] WANG Yongbo(Institute of Literature,Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences,Chengdu 610071,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省社会科学院文学研究所,四川成都610071

出　　处：《铜仁学院学报》2022年第1期9-34,共26页Journal of Tongren University

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“唐代郎官与文学研究”(13BZW061)。

摘　　要：唐代郎官是尚书省六部二十六司的郎中与员外郎的合称,是中央政府中一批非常重要的中层文官。郎官的特殊之处在于它的过渡性,即唐代郎官在郎位上的时间普遍都不长,很快就要迁转到其他部门任职,这种迁转往往是职务晋升。与此相随的是,郎官在本职郎位上有时还要兼任一些其他的事务,较为常见的主要有知制诰、史馆编撰,这种现象在唐代中后期尤其突出,中唐很多著名的郎官都有这种职务兼任的情况,反映了郎官在朝廷中的重视程度。郎官迁转的主要途径是六部二十六司互迁、其他中央行政机构互迁及外放为刺史、司马等职务的。大致而言,唐代郎官在兼任和迁转的过程中,往往伴随着职务的晋升,是他们由中层文官向高级文官进发的一个重要渠道。没有担任过郎官职务的文官,在仕途上很难得到进一步的提升。从郎官的兼任和迁转可以得出唐代中层文官的晋升规律和生存状态,有利于进一步研究唐代官职。Langguan in the Tang Dynasty is the collective name of Langzhong and Yuanwailang of the six departments and twenty-six divisions in the Ministry of Shangshu.They are a group of very important middle-level civil officials in the central government.The particularity of Langguan lies in its transitional nature,that is,Langguan in the Tang Dynasty generally did not have a long time in the Lang position,and they will soon be transferred to other departments.This transfer is often job promotion.Along with this,Langguan sometimes also has other affairs in his own position,and the more common ones are mainly Zhizhi Gao and historical museum compilation.This phenomenon was especially prominent in the middle and late Tang Dynasty.In the middle Tang Dynasty,many famous Langguans had such concurrent positions,which reflected the importance of Langguan in the imperial court.The main ways for the transfer of Langguan are the mutual relocation of the six departments and twenty-six divisions,the mutual relocation of other central administrative agencies,and the expatriation of governors,Sima and other positions.Generally speaking,in the process of concurrent appointment and transfer of Langguan in the Tang Dynasty,it is often accompanied by the promotion of their posts,which is an important channel for them to advance from middle-level civil servants to senior civil servants.Civil servants who have not held the position of Langguan are difficult to get further promotion in the official career.From the concurrent appointment and transfer of Langguan,the promotion law and survival status of middle-level civil officials in the Tang Dynasty can be obtained,which is conducive to further research on official positions in the Tang Dynasty.

关 键 词：唐代 郎官 迁转 规律 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]