新冠肺炎疫情下个人安全防护用品供应链风险管理--基于WK公司的案例分析  

PPE Supply Chain Risk Managementunder Under Pandemic COVID-19:A Case Study of Company WK

作　　者：赵立马 叶新儿 ZHAO Li-ma;YE Xin-er(Ningbo China Institute for Supply Chain Innovation,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315832)

机构地区：[1]宁波(中国)供应链创新学院,浙江宁波315832

出　　处：《供应链管理》2022年第2期38-55,共18页SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

摘　　要：2019年12月暴发的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情被世界卫生组织定义为一次重大突发性公共卫生事件。个人安全防护用品(PPE)在这次疫情中对于保护医护人员,医疗体系工作人员和感染者防护隔离起了重要的作用。大规模突发性疫情暴发后,全球对PPE产品的需求激增导致了PPE产业供应链的中断从而引起了相应的PPE供应链风险。这些风险的产生其中部分原因是该行业经理或决策者面临突发性传染疾病发生后没有足够的供应链风险意识,并且缺乏风险管理(SCRM)知识。文章以宁波WK PPE公司为例,探讨了PPE行业在COVID-19疫情背景下的供应链风险现状。它提供了PPE行业供应链风险研究的见解,阐述了在COVID-19疫情流行的不同阶段中供应链中断和不确定性的主要风险类别。文章采用了定性的经验研究方法用于分析PPE供应链风险管理,同时对八家PPE行业公司进行了问卷调查及数据采集。区别于现有对供应链风险管理(SCRM)的研究,该研究主要有以下三方面的意义。首先,文章研究的供应链风险来源于全球性的公共卫生危机事件。其次,文章把供应链风险管理应用于PPE行业。最后,在案例分析后提出了在疫情期间实践操作应用中PPE行业供应链风险管理的框架。多渠道供应商采购策略,供应商整合,销售运营计划和预测,加强PPE供应链上下游的沟通以及与货运代理紧密合作,对于防范和减轻PPE行业供应链风险有着正向作用。该研究为PPE行业管理者或决策者在今后遇到类似COVID-19突发性事件后更好更快地应对,降低PPE行业供应链的风险,及减少未来类似大规模供应链中断带来的影响提供了参考意见。Personal protective equipment(PPE)is essential for safeguard workers from occupational hazards.PPE products can be used for protection under COVID-19 includes respirator masks,face shields,safety goggles,disposable gloves and isolation coveralls etc.The large spike in demand of the PPE products after pandemic outbreak caused a disruption of the PPE industry supply chain.Most of the PPE firms exposed to risks of the supply chain because of manger or decision-makers does not have enough awareness and lack of supply chain risk management(SCRM)knowledge.This thesis uses Ningbo WK PPE company as an exploratory case study to bridge the PPE industry and supply chain risk management.We present the major risk categories on the supply chain disruption and uncertainties during the different stage of COVID-19 pandemic.A multiple case study approach based on eight PPE firms is adopted to analyze the PPE supply chain risk management.This thesis research contributes to the existing literature on SCRM in three aspects.First,the source of supply chain risk is global public health crisis.Second,the supply chain risk management(SCRM)is applied for PPE industry which has not been deep studied yet.Third,it proposes with a core framework of SCRM.Multi-sourcing strategy,supplier integration,Sales and Operations Planning(S&OP)forecasting,enhance the internal and external communication and working intimately with freight forwarder are all found to be effective for supply chain risks reduction and mitigation.Hence,this thesis provides a reference for PPE industry firms to reconsider their global supply chain risk mitigation strategies and better respond disruption risk caused by similar pandemic crisis in the future.

关 键 词：供应链风险管理 供应链中断 个人安全防护用品 COVID-19疫情 

分 类 号：F252.24[经济管理—国民经济]