云南澜沧江上游短尾高原鳅遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity analysis of Triplophysa brevicauda in the upper reaches of Lancang River in Yunnan Province

作　　者：赵静霞 熊合勇 吴俊颉 金方彭 高海涛 赵承远 雷春云 李光华 ZHAO Jingxia;XIONG Heyong;WU Junjie;JIN Fangpeng;GAO Haitao;ZHAO Chengyuan;LEIChunyun;LI Guanghua(Yunnan Academy of Fishery Sciences,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China;Huaneng Lancang River Hydropower Inc.,Kunming 650214,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省渔业科学研究院,云南昆明650224 [2]华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司,云南昆明650214

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2022年第1期52-60,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划项目(2013 BAB06B03);云南澜沧江鱼类增殖放流效果监测及评估(HY2017/S14)。

摘　　要：通过线粒体D-loop控制区全序列分析澜沧江上游表村(BC)、叶枝(YZ)、里底(LD)以及乌弄龙(WNL)等4个群体,共计77尾短尾高原鳅的遗传多样性,为澜沧江上游短尾高原鳅的遗传多样性现状与种质资源保护提供相关实验数据。结果表明:在921 bp的D-loop控制区序列中,共发现变异位点22个,其中,单一变异位点8个,简约变异位点14个,定义单倍型21个;澜沧江上游短尾高原鳅群体单倍型多样性指数(H_(d))为0.837~0.942,核酸多样性指数(π)为0.005 16~0.005 72;里底群体单倍型多样性最高,表村群体最低,且各群体呈现出"高H_(d)低π"遗传多样性模式。分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果表明:短尾高原鳅遗传差异主要来自于群体内部(97.91%),2.09%遗传变异来自于群体之间;各群体之间不存在遗传分化(F_(st)=-0.021 3,P=0.805);表村和里底群体间遗传距离最远(0.005 67),叶枝和乌弄龙群体遗传距离最近(0.005 11);核酸中性检测结果均不显著(Tajima’s D=0.624,P=0.737;Fu’s F_(s)=-0.669,P=0.377),核酸错配未呈"泊松"单峰分布均表明澜沧江上游短尾高原鳅近期未经历过种群扩张事件。澜沧江上游短尾高原鳅遗传多样性较为丰富,群体间遗传分化程度较低。For further realizing the genetic diversity and provide experimental data of germplasm resources for Triplophysa brevicauda in the upper reaches of Lancang River in Yunnan Province, 77 individuals including 4 geographic populations(Biaocun, Yezhi, Lidi and Wu Nonglong) were analyzed. After sequencing, the total length of 921 bp of D-loop control region were obtained, and 22 variable sites(including 8 singleton variable sites and 14 parsimony informative sites) and 21 haplotypes were identified in whole populations, respectively;the haplotypic diversity(H_(d)) and nucleotide diversity(π) of Triplophysa brevicauda in the upper reaches of Lancang River was 0.837-0.942 and 0.005 16-0.005 72, respectively;among them, the highest H_(d) was identified in Lidi population, the lowest H_(d) was identified in Biaocun population, and a genetic character of “high H_(d)low π” was presented;The results of AMOVA indicated that most of genetic variation(97.91%) came from within population and little of genetic variation(2.09%) was came from between populations;no significant genetic differentiation was detected between the comparison groups(F_(st)=-0.021 3, P=0.805);the farthest genetic distance(0.005 67) of Triplophysa brevicauda was identified between Biaocun and Lidi population, and the closest genetic distance(0.005 11) was found between Yezhi and Wu Nonglong population;no recent population expansion event happened in the evolutionary history of Triplophysa brevicauda, which was proved by the evidence of non-poisson distribution of nucleotide mismatch and insignificant neutral test result(Tajima’s D=0.624, P= 0.737;Fu’s F_(s)=-0.669, P= 0.377). The results showed relatively abundant genetic diversity and low level of genetic differentiationo of Triplophysa brevicauda in the upper reaches of Lancang River.

关 键 词：短尾高原鳅 D-LOOP 遗传多样性 澜沧江 

分 类 号：Q319.1[生物学—遗传学]