鲥鯸淀不同沉水植被盖度下夏秋季底栖动物群落结构及变化规律  

Zoobenthos community structure and variation under different submerged macrophyte coverage in Shihoudian sub-lake in summer and autumn

作　　者：张军旺 谢骏[1,3] 李志斐 王广军[1,3] 张晓可 张凯[1,3] 刘阳 ZHANG Junwang;XIE Jun;LI Zhifei;WANG Guangjun;ZHANG Xiaoke;ZHANG Kai;LIU Yang(Pearl River Fishery Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences,Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510380,Guangdong,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Guangdong Ecological Remediation ofAquaculture Pollution Research Center,Guangzhou 510380,Guangdong,China;Research Center ofAquatic Organism Conservation and Water Ecosystem Restoration in Anhui Province,Anqing Normal University,Anqing 246133,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所农业农村部热带亚热带水产资源利用与养殖重点实验室,广东广州510380 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]广东省水产养殖污染修复生态工程研究中心,广东广州510380 [4]安庆师范大学水生生物保护与水生态修复安徽省高校工程技术研究中心,安徽安庆246133

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2022年第1期107-118,共12页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：农业农村部财政专项(2130106-ZJBYD)。

摘　　要：为研究在不同沉水植被盖度下夏秋季底栖动物群落结构及变化规律,于2018年7月(夏季)和10月(秋季)在鲥鯸淀选取了4个盖度水平区域,分别为25%、50%、75%和90%(C-25、C-50、C-75、C-90),以及一个无沉水植物的对照组区域(C-0),分别测定分析各区域的水体理化参数和底栖动物群落结构特征。结果表明:沉水植物可有效降低总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)浓度。共采集底栖动物19种,隶属于3门4纲19属,其中,水生昆虫、腹足类、寡毛类和瓣鳃类种类数占比分别为68.42%、15.79%、10.52%和5.26%,C-90、C-75、C-50、C-25和C-0组底栖动物种类数分别为10、8、11、9和3种。底栖动物Shannon-Weiner多样性指数和Margalef丰富度指数随沉水植被盖度的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,其中C-50组底栖动物的两种多样性指数均显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。盖度、季节以及二者的交互效应对底栖动物密度和生物量均有显著影响(P<0.05),且夏季C-50组腹足类的生物量显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。透明度、总溶解性固体颗粒(TDS)和电导率(SPC)是影响夏秋季底栖动物分布的主要环境因子。盖度为50%左右时,TDS、SPC、TN和TP浓度最低,底栖动物种类数、Shannon-Weiner多样性指数和Margalef丰富度指数最高。To evaluate the community structure and changes of zoobenthos in summer and autumn under different submerged vegetation coverage,in July(summer)and October(autumn)of 2018,four coverage levels were selected in Shihoudian Lake,which were 25%,50%,75%,and 90%(C-25,C-50,C-75,C-90),and the control group is the area without submerged plants(C-0),and the respectively determined and analyzed the water physical and chemical parameters and zoobenthos community structure characteristics of each area.The results showed that:Submerged plants effectively reduced the concentration of total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP).A total of 19 species were collected,belonging to 3 phyla,4 classes,and 19 genera.Among them,the proportions of aquatic insects,gastropods,oligochaetes,and Lamellibranchia species were 68.42%,15.79%,10.52%and 5.26%,respectively;The number of benthic species in groups C-90,C-75,C-50,C-25 and C-0 was 10,8,11,9 and 3,respectively.The Shannon-Weiner diversity index and Margalef richness index of zoobenthos increased first and then decreased with the increase of submerged vegetation coverage.Among them,the two diversity indexes of Zoobenthos in the C-50 group were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05).Coverage,season,and the interaction effects of the two have significant effects on the density and biomass of zoobenthos(P<0.05),and the biomass of gastropods in the C-50 group in summer was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05).Transparency,TDS and SPC are the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of Zoobenthos in summer and autumn.When the coverage is about 50%,the concentrations of TDS,SPC,TN and TP are the lowest,and the number of benthic species,Shannon-Weiner diversity index and Margalef richness index are the highest.

关 键 词：鲥鯸淀 白洋淀 沉水植被 盖度 底栖动物 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学] P131[天文地球—天体力学]