压载水处理系统型式认可中添加剂对试验水体特征的影响  

Effects of additives on water body features in type approval of Ballast Water Management Systems

作　　者：刘然 王琼 王慧芳[3] 袁林 吴惠仙 LIU Ran;WANG Qiong;WANG Huifang;YUAN Lin;WU Huixian(College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Centre for Research on the Ecological Security ofPorts and Shipping,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Rules&Research Institute,China Classification Society,Shanghai 200135,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学港航生态安全研究中心,上海201306 [3]中国船级社上海规范研究所,上海200135

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2022年第1期191-200,共10页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：上海市科委科研计划项目(19DZ2292500);国家重点研发计划(2019YFC0810904);工信部“船舶压载水管理系统实船符合性验证研究”项目(工信部装函〔2019〕360号)。

摘　　要：随着《船舶压载水和沉积物控制与管理国际公约》在中国生效,有效控制船舶压载水的排放显得尤为重要。然而,现有航运船舶排放的压载水往往难以达到公约中的D-2标准。为确保船舶压载水处理设备(BWMS)处理结果的生物有效性,国际海事组织(IMO)重新修订了《压载水管理系统型式认可导则》,导则明确了BWMS型式认可试验水体水质特征标准。由于天然水域水质特征存在极大差异,而水质条件对BWMS的生物有效性存在极大的影响,故添加剂常被用于BWMS型式认可岸基试验水体调配以满足上述标准。通过研究BWMS型式认可试验中添加剂对3种盐度的试验源水水体特征的影响,对常用的添加剂进行水体特征贡献率评估,为BWMS型式认可试验水体的配制筛选稳定有效的添加剂,继而为提升船舶压载水处理工艺以确保压载水排放满足D-2标准符合性提供依据。结果表明:木质素磺酸钙、玉米淀粉和高岭土可在淡水、半咸水和海水试验中稳定提升试验水体中的相关水质指标,更适用于BWMS型式认可试验水体的配制。International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast Water and Sediments has entered into force in China, and it is very important to control the discharge of ballast water.However, the discharge of ballast water is difficult to meet the Convention′s standards.In order to ensure the effectiveness of the treatment results of Ballast Water Management System(BWMS), IMO has revised the standards for water quality characteristics of Guidelines for Type Approval(G8).Due to the differences of water quality characteristics in various natural water areas, additives are often used in water synthesis for BWMS type approval inland-based test to meet the water quality characteristics standards. The effect of additives on the water quality characteristics of fresh water, brackish water and sea water in the type approval test of BWMS is focused on, and stable and effective additives for the synthesis methods of the type approval test water for BWMS.The results showed that the synthesis method of source nature water with calcium lignosulphonate, glucose, corn starch, chitosan and kaolin was possible to improve the water to satisfy the requirement of IMO.

关 键 词：压载水 添加剂 溶解有机碳 颗粒有机碳 总悬浮物 

分 类 号：U698.7[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] U664.92[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]