日光温室纸膜覆盖下不同种植模式对番茄产量及根系分布的影响  

Effects of Different Planting Pattern on Tomato Yield and Root Distribution Under Paper Film Mulching in Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：杨冬艳[1] 桑婷 王丹 赵云霞[1] YANG Dongyan;SANG Ting;WANG Dan;ZHAO Yunxia(Institute of Germplasm Resources,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院种质资源研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第3期64-70,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：宁夏重点研发计划资助项目(2018BBF33004);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-23-G23)。

摘　　要：以番茄为试材,在日光温室越夏茬土壤起垄纸膜覆盖条件下,对番茄单双行种植和株行距参数结构进行了研究,分析了不同种植结构对番茄植株生长、产量、品质及根系空间分布特征的影响,以期探索日光温室纸膜覆盖下番茄适宜种植结构。结果表明:单行种植模式下,随着种植密度的降低,单果质量和单株产量显著增加,最低密度处理(3.00株·m^(-2))产量最高。双行种植模式下,密度处理对单果质量和单株产量没有显著影响,因此最高密度处理(3.90株·m^(-2))产量最高。在最高密度处理下,番茄在0~20 cm土层的根系占总根系量85%以上,双行模式的根系生物量显著高于单行种植模式,差异主要表现在0~10 cm土层内。单行低密度处理和双行高密度处理产量较高且相近,但双行低密度种植模式利用根系生物量积累,种苗成本低,利于管理,因此在宁夏日光温室番茄越夏南北垄向栽培中,推荐采用3.00株·m^(-2)密度、单行种植模式。Taking tomato as test material,the experiment design of single row and double row planting and the row spacing parameter of tomato were carried out under the condition of paper film mulching in greenhouse.The effects of different planting pattern on the growth,yield,quality and root spatial distribution of tomato were analyzed,in order to explore the suitable planting structure of tomato under paper film mulching in solar greenhouse.The results showed that under the single row planting mode,with the decrease of planting density,the single fruit weight and single plant yield increased significantly,and the lowest density treatment(3.00 plants·m^(-2)) had the highest yield.Under the double row planting mode,the density treatment had no significant effect on single fruit weight and single plant yield,so the highest density treatment(3.90 plants·m^(-2)) had the highest yield.The root biomass of tomato in 0-20 cm soil layer accounted for more than 85%of the total root biomass in the highest density treatment.The root biomass of double row planting mode was significantly higher than that of single row planting mode,and the difference was mainly in 0-10 cm soil layer.In conclusion,the yield has no significant difference between single row minimum density and double row maximum density treatment,and double row planting mode was conducived to the accumulation of root biomass.Therefore,it was suggested that 3.00 plants·m^(-2) density and single row planting mode should be adopted in the cultivation of tomato over summer in Ningxia solar greenhouse.

关 键 词：种植结构 纸膜覆盖 番茄 根系分布 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]