饲粮组成对育肥羔羊肠道微生物菌群结构的影响  

Effects of different diets on the intestinal microbial community structure of fattening lambs

作　　者：李希 毛杨毅[1] 罗惠娣[1] 赵鹏[1] 李俊 周胜花[1] 郭慧慧 王宏浩 LI Xi;MAO Yangyi;LUO Huidi;ZHAO Peng;LI Jun;ZHOU Shenghua;GUO Huihui;WANG Honghao(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030032,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科学学院,山西太原030032

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2022年第2期27-35,共9页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系建设专项基金(CARS-39-24);山西省科技创新团队资金(201705D131028-20);农业产业发展科技引领工程基金(2019CYYL-12)。

摘　　要：为研究饲粮组成改变对育肥羔羊肠道菌群结构及多样性的影响,选择生长发育良好、体重相近的2月龄蒙系公羔羊76只,随机分成2组,每组38只,分别饲喂不同的饲粮,对照组为精料+苜蓿饲粮,处理组为精料+全株玉米青贮+苜蓿+花生秧的全混合饲粮,试验期122 d,其中预试期20 d。试验结束后,每组随机选取4只羔羊屠宰并采集小肠及盲肠内容物,通过16S rDNA测序技术分析其菌群结构变化。结果显示:饲粮改变对羔羊肠道微生物在Alpha多样性指标上无显著性影响(P>0.05)。在门水平上,处理组相比对照组小肠的变形菌门(Proteobacteria)比例降低,放线菌门(Actinobacteria)比例升高(P>0.05);在属水平上,处理组小肠的双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)和盲肠的普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella;)相对丰度较对照组升高,但差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,饲粮组成改变对育肥羔羊肠道微生物菌群产生了一定的影响,适量改变饲粮中中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的比例有促进育肥羔羊小肠中双歧杆菌属和盲肠中普雷沃氏菌属等有益细菌增殖的趋势,对提高育肥羔羊总体养分的消化利用有益。This study was to evaluate the effects of varied dietary compositions on the intestinal microbial community structure and diversity of fattening lambs. 76 male Mongolian lambs of 2 months old with good growth and similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, 38 lambs in each group were fed with different diets. The diets of the control group were composed of concentrate and alfalfa hay, while the diets of the treatment group were composed of whole corn silage and peanut seedling on the basis of the diet of the control group. The period of trial lasted for 122 days, including 20 days for the preliminary phase. At the end of the experiment, 4 lambs from each group were slaughtered, and the contents in their intestines and ceca were collected for the measurement of microbial diversity and structural changes by 16 S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the overall Alpha diversity between the two groups(P>0.05). At the level of phylum, compared with the control group, the relative abundance of proteobacteria in the treatment group was decreased and the relative abundance of actinobacteria in the treatment group was increased(P>0.05). At the level of genus, the relative abundance of bifidobacterium in intestines and prevotella;in cecum of the treatment group were higher than that of the control group(P>0.05), but the differences were not significant. Therefore, dietary composition changes had a certain effect on the structure of the intestinal microbial flora of fattening lambs. Increasing the proportion of NDF in the diet could promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium in the intestine and Preverella in the cecum of fattening lambs, which was beneficial in improving the overall nutrient digestion and utilization of fattening lambs.

关 键 词：肠道 菌群 育肥羔羊 16S rDNA 

分 类 号：S826.9[农业科学—畜牧学]