GAP/PET嵌段型热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的低温力学性能  

Cryogenic Mechanical Properties of GAP/PET Block Thermoplastic Elastomers

作　　者：徐明辉[1,2] 杨伟涛 卢先明[1] 莫洪昌[1] 葛忠学[1] XU Ming-hui;YANG Wei-tao;LU Xian-ming;MO Hong-chang;GE Zhong-xue(Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China;State Key Laboratory of Fluorine&Nitrogen Chemicals,Xi′an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065 [2]氟氮化工资源高效开发与利用国家重点实验室,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2022年第1期67-72,共6页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：中国博士后基金(No.2016M592851)。

摘　　要：为改善聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)基黏合剂的低温力学性能,以GAP和环氧乙烷-四氢呋喃共聚醚(PET)为软段,甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)偶联的丁二醇为硬段,通过扩链聚合反应合成GAP/PET嵌段型热塑性聚氨酯弹性体;分别采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振(NMR)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、动态热机械分析(DMA)、热重分析(TGA)和万能材料试验机对其化学结构、玻璃化转变温度、热稳定性和低温拉伸性能进行表征。结果表明,随着PET含量的提高,GAP/PET嵌段型热塑性聚氨酯的T_(g)明显降低,当PET与GAP摩尔比为1∶1时,GAP/PET嵌段型热塑性聚氨酯的T_(g)为-37.7℃,在-40℃低温环境发生韧性断裂,断裂强度为25.78MPa,断裂伸长率为379.4%,具有优异的低温力学性能;同时TGA试验表明GAP/PET嵌段型热塑性聚氨酯T_(d)>220℃,热稳定性好。In order to enhance the cryogenic mechanical properties of glycidyl azide polymer(GAP)based polymeric binders,GAP/PET block thermoplastic elastomers were synthesized via a chain extension polymerization using GAP and ethylene oxide-tetrahydrofuran copolyether(PET)as soft segments,and toluene diisocyanate(TDI)extended butane diol(BDO)as hard segments.The molecular structure,glass transition temperature(T_(g)),thermal stability and cryogenic mechanical properties of thermoplastic elastomers were investigated by fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry(NMR),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA),thermal gravimetric analyzer(TGA)and universal testing machine respectively.The results show that the T_(g) of the thermoplastic elastomers are evidently decreased with increasing the content of PET.When the mole ratio of PET/GAP is 1∶1,the T_(g) is found to be-37.7℃,and the thermoplastic elastomer is ductile rupture under the low temperature of-40℃,the tensile strength at break is 25.78MPa,and the corresponding elongation is 379.4%.Therefore,the thermoplastic elastomers exhibit good cryogenic mechanical properties.Meanwhile,the TGA results indicate that the T_(d) of the thermoplastic elastomers are higher than 220℃and exhibit good thermal stability.

关 键 词：物理化学 聚叠氮缩水甘油醚 GAP PET 嵌段热塑性弹性体 低温力学性能 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ334[化学工程—橡胶工业]