振动作用对现场混装乳化炸药稳定性的影响  

Influence of Vibration on the Stability of On-site Mixed Emulsion Explosive

作　　者：魏国 刘锋[1] 吴攀宇 王锡东 WEI Guo;LIU Feng;WU Pan-yu;WANG Xi-dong(School of Chemical Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan Anhui 232000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化学工程学院,安徽淮南232000

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2022年第1期90-96,共7页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(煤炭联合基金)(No.51134012)。

摘　　要：为研究振动作用对现场混装乳化炸药稳定性的影响,通过变速振荡器对6种不同油相配比的乳胶基质样品进行振动实验,使用数字黏度计、电导率仪、光学显微镜、激光粒度仪等检测了样品在振动前后的理化性质、微观结构变化情况,并分析了振动作用下样品的失稳机理及结构特性。结果表明,振动作用导致乳胶基质析晶过程可分为3个阶段:在第一阶段,内部的W/O型结构完好,样品黏度等参数基本不变;在第二阶段,基质内部晶体快速成长,样品的黏度等参数会成倍增长;在第三阶段,基质内部积累大量晶体,样品黏度、析晶量等参数缓慢增长;在振动作用下,样品粒径分布未发生变化,振动作用促进了乳胶基质内部未包裹的晶体或自发形成的晶核刺破内相液滴,硝酸铵晶体快速生长,样品黏度、析晶量等参数快速增大;当其他组分和工艺条件一致,油相材料中的机油质量分数超过55%时,样品的内部油膜强度更高,内相液滴平均粒径小于6μm,黏度等参数在振动作用影响下变化更小,即样品具有更佳的耐振动能力。In order to study the influence of vibration on the stability of on-site mixed emulsion explosive,the vibration experiments of six latex matrix samples with different oil phase ratios were carried out by variable-speed oscillator.The physicochemical properties and microstructure changes of the samples before and after vibration were detected by digital viscometer,conductivity meter,optical microscope and laser particle sizer.The instability mechanism and structural characteristics of the samples under vibration were analyzed.The results show that the crystallization process of latex matrix caused by vibration can be divided into three stages:in the first stage,the internal W/O structure is intact,and the parameters such as sample viscosity are basically unchanged;in the second stage,the crystals in the matrix grow rapidly,and the viscosity and other parameters of samples increase exponentially;in the third stage,a large number of crystals are accumulated in the matrix,and the sample viscosity,crystallization amount and other parameters increase slowly.Under the action of vibration,the particle size distribution of samples does not change,and the vibration promotes the unwrapped crystals or spontaneously formed crystal nucleus in the emulsion matrix to pierce the inner phase droplets.The ammonium nitrate crystals grow rapidly,and the parameters such as sample viscosity and crystallization amount increase rapidly.When other components and process conditions are consistent,the engine oil content in oil phase material accounts for more than 55%,the internal oil film strength of the sample is higher,the average particle size of the inner phase droplet is less than 6μm,and the change rate of viscosity and other parameters is less under the influence of vibration,that is,the samples have better vibration resistance.

关 键 词：现场混装乳化炸药 振动作用 油相配比 微观结构 析晶量 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ564.4[化学工程—炸药化工]