椭圆截面弹体斜侵彻金属靶体弹道研究  

Oblique penetration of elliptical cross-section projectile into metal target

作　　者：魏海洋 张先锋[1] 熊玮[1] 周婕群 刘闯[1] 冯晓伟[2] WEI Haiyang;ZHANG Xianfeng;XIONG Wei;ZHOU Jiequn;LIU Chuang;FENG Xiaowei(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China;Institute of System Engineering,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2022年第2期90-102,共13页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11790292);国家自然科学基金委员会与中国工程物理研究院联合基金(U1730101);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(30919011401)。

摘　　要：为研究椭圆截面弹体对半无限金属靶体的侵彻弹道规律,基于14.5 mm弹道枪平台,开展了椭圆截面弹体在0°~20°倾角、850~950 m/s撞击速度下对2A12铝合金的斜侵彻试验。基于空腔膨胀理论及局部相互作用模型,建立了椭圆截面弹体侵彻弹道模型,并结合试验数据验证了模型的准确性。在此基础上,进一步分析了椭圆截面弹体长短轴之比、绕弹轴旋转角度、弹体撞击速度对侵彻弹道的影响规律。弹体长短轴之比为1.0时,弹体退化为尖卵形圆截面弹体,且椭圆截面弹体侵彻弹道稳定性随长短轴之比的增大而变弱,最优长短轴之比为1.0,即尖卵形圆截面弹体。椭圆截面弹体绕弹轴旋转一定角度后,侵彻弹道在平面曲线与空间曲线之间变化,当旋转角度为0°、90°时,侵彻弹道为二维平面弹道,当旋转角度在0°~90°之间时,侵彻弹道为三维空间弹道。当弹体撞击速度由800 m/s提升至1000 m/s时,椭圆截面弹体姿态角增量由18.6°降至17.8°。In order to study the penetrating trajectories of elliptical cross-section projectiles into semi-infinite metal targets,a penetration trajectory model was established based on the dynamic cavity expansion theory and local interaction model.The shape function of the elliptical cross-section projectile was developed based on the local interaction model,and the resistance model derived from the dynamic cavity expansion theory was used to calculate the forces and moments acting on the elliptical cross-section projectile under the local Cartesian coordinate system.Thus,the factors affecting the projectile penetration trajectory were considered,including the major axis to minor axis ratio of the cross-section,the angle around the projectile axis and the striking velocity.Then,oblique penetrating experiments were carried out at a striking velocity ranging from 850 to 950 m/s and an oblique angle ranging from 0°to 20°.Furthermore,the model was validated by experimental results.Finally,the influence of the major axis to minor axis ratio of the cross-section,the angle around the projectile axis and the striking velocity on the penetration trajectory was analyzed.When the major axis to minor axis ratio is 1.0,the projectile is degenerated into an ogive-nosed one.With the increase of this ratio,the stability of the elliptical cross-section projectile reduces.The optimal value of the major axis to minor axis ratio is 1.0,and the penetration trajectory is the most stable at this time.The penetration trajectory will change from a two-dimensional plane curve to a three-dimensional space curve when the angle around the projectile axis varies.When the angle around the projectile axis is 0°or 90°,the penetration trajectory is in a two-dimensional plane.Otherwise,the penetration trajectory is a three-dimensional space curve.The increasement of the attitude angle of the elliptical cross-section projectile decreases from 18.6°to 17.8°when the striking velocity increases from 800 m/s to 1000 m/s.

关 键 词：椭圆截面弹体 斜侵彻 侵彻弹道模型 半无限金属靶体 

分 类 号：O385[理学—流体力学]