气流床气化炉积灰问题及防控方法研究进展  

Research progress of mechanism and control method of ash deposition in entrained-flow gasifier

作　　者：张鹏芳 徐跃芹 曹松 黄根渝 李广宇 Zhang Pengfang;Xu Yueqin;Cao Song;Huang Genyu;Li Guangyu(State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan Ningxia 750021,China;Nanjing Turbine&Electric Machinery Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing Jiangsu 210018,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学省部共建煤炭高效利用与绿色化工国家重点实验室,宁夏银川750021 [2]南京汽轮电机(集团)有限责任公司,江苏南京210018

出　　处：《煤化工》2022年第1期54-60,共7页Coal Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金(52066015)。

摘　　要：部分气流床气化炉在煤气冷却过程中,水冷壁或换热器上出现了不同程度的积灰问题,严重影响了装置的“安稳长满优”运行。介绍了4种气化技术在运行过程中出现的典型积灰现象,以及从工程方面采取的防控措施和技术改进,分析认为积灰产生的机理主要为低熔点共熔物在高温下形成的积灰和合成气中高含量水蒸气引起的积灰。综述了积灰产生的机理及研究进展,低熔点共熔物在高温下的积灰是由低熔点共熔物、磁珠和酸性气体与碱金属的化合物引起的,高含量水蒸气引起积灰涉及的反应机理和积灰过程均不明确,需通过实验进一步研究。During the gas cooling process,the water-cooled wall or heat exchanger of some entrained-flow gasifiers had different degrees of ash deposition,which seriously affected the long-term safe and stable operation of the plant.The typical ash deposition problems in the operation of four gasification technologies were introduced.The analysis of control measures and technical improvement taken from the engineering perspective showed that the mechanism of ash deposition was mainly the ash deposition formed at high temperature and caused by high content of water vapor.The mechanism and research progress of ash deposition were reviewed.The ash deposition of eutectic with low melting point at high temperature was due to the eutectic with low melting point,magnetic beads,acidic gas and alkali metal compounds.The reaction mechanism and process of ash deposition caused by high content of water vapor were not clear,requiring further experimental study.

关 键 词：气流床气化 积灰 低熔点共熔物 水蒸气 防控方法 

分 类 号：TQ545[化学工程—煤化学工程]