一种严密的高精度自由设站方法研究  

Study on a Rigorous High-precision Free Station Setting Method

作　　者：郑子天[1,2] 刘畅 王国祥 陈海军[1,2] 倪先桃 ZHENG Zitian;LIU Chang;WANG Guoxiang;CHEN Haijun;NI Xiantao(China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,China;Sichuan Tietuo Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031 [2]四川铁拓科技有限公司,成都610031

出　　处：《高速铁路技术》2022年第1期12-15,112,共5页High Speed Railway Technology

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划(2018GZ0057);中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司2017年重大新产品研发项目(CYYF20171001);中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司科技发展项目(KYY2020005)。

摘　　要：为提高全站仪自由设站精度,降低全站仪挑选标准,从而增强全站仪的适用性,本文详细研究了全站仪加常数、乘常数及竖盘指标差等误差对自由设站精度的影响,并针对不同误差源提出了提高全站仪自由设站精度的不同处理方法:(1)对于能快捷测定的系统误差通过外业现场测定系统消除;(2)对于不易测定的系统误差和偶然误差通过附加参数的平差方式消除;(3)对于粗差则采用定权迭代的方法削弱。通过对全站仪各项误差的处理,提高了设站精度,提出了一种严密的高精度自由设站方法。In order to improve the accuracy of free station setting of total station,lower the selection standard,and thus enhance the applicability,this paper studies in detail the influence of errors such as addition constant,multiplication constant and index error of vertical circle of total station on the accuracy of free station setting,and puts forward several methods to improve this accuracy according to different error sources:(1)Systematic errors that can be quickly measured are eliminated by field measurement system.(2)System errors and accidental errors that are not easy to measure are eliminated by adjustment with additional parameters.(3)Gross errors are reduced by the method of fixed weight iteration.The reduction of the errors of total station brings higher accuracy of station setting,based on which a rigorous high-precision free station setting method is proposed.

关 键 词：严密 系统误差 竖盘指标差 自由设站 精度 

分 类 号：U212.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] P258[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]