不同通风结构下高铁异步牵引电机温度场分析  

Temperature field analysis of asynchronous traction motor with different ventilation structures

作　　者：曹君慈[1] 闫华 李栋[1] 王宇 李伟力[1] CAO Jun-ci;YAN Hua;LI Dong;WANG Yu;LI Wei-li(School of Electrical Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2022年第2期72-81,共10页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2019JBM060)。

摘　　要：为研究通风结构对高速列车异步牵引电机散热性能的影响,依据流体动力学和传热学的理论知识,建立600 kW高速列车异步牵引电机的三维流固耦合仿真模型,并采用有限体积法对该电机流体场和温度场进行数值计算与分析。通过实验验证了原始模型仿真结果的正确性后,修改定子通风孔孔径,并分析通风孔内风速对电机温升的影响规律,证实了缩小孔径有助于提高冷却效果。在保证定子通风孔体积不变的情况下,增加通风孔个数至定子槽数,即通风孔正对电机定子槽,该结构提高了通风孔壁面传热系数,有效降低了定子铁心、绕组和绝缘温升。在此基础上,进一步缩小出风口侧孔径,提出分段变截面的定子通风孔结构,孔内风速和风压发生阶跃式升高,电机各部分最高温度显著下降。In order to study the influence of ventilation structure on the heat dissipation performance of high-speed train asynchronous traction motor,a three-dimensional fluid-structure coupling simulation model of 600 kW high-speed train asynchronous traction motor was established based on the theoretical knowledge of fluid dynamics and heat transfer,and the fluid field and temperature field of the motor were numerically calculated and analyzed by the finite volume method.After verifying the correctness of the original model simulation results through experiments,the stator vent hole diameter was modified,and the influence of the wind speed in the vent hole on the temperature rise of the motor was analyzed,which proves that reducing the hole diameter is conducive to improving the cooling effect.Under the condition of ensuring that the volume of stator ventilation holes remains unchanged,the number of ventilation holes was increased to be the same as the number of stator slots,that is,the ventilation holes are facing the motor stator slots.This structure improves the heat transfer coefficient of ventilation hole wall and effectively reduces the temperature rise of stator core,winding and insulation.On this basis,the hole diameter of the air outlet side was further reduced,and a segmented variable cross-section stator vent structure was proposed.The wind speed and pressure in the hole increase stepwise,and the maximum temperature of each part of the motor decrease significantly.

关 键 词：高速列车异步牵引电机 有限体积法 强迫风冷 流体场 温度场 通风孔 

分 类 号：TM343[电气工程—电机]