全球服务贸易基本图景与中国服务贸易高质量发展  

The Basic Picture of Global Service Trade and the High-quality Development of China’s Service Trade

作　　者：朱福林 ZHU Fulin(Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation,Beijing 100710;Hulunbuir University Economics and Management School,Hulunbuir 021008,Neimenggu)

机构地区：[1]商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院,北京100710 [2]呼伦贝尔学院经济管理学院,内蒙古呼伦贝尔021008

出　　处：《管理学刊》2022年第1期36-50,共15页Journal of Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(19FJLA002);国家自然科学基金面上项目(72073139)。

摘　　要：数字化成为当代全球服务贸易发展最基本的特征,数字技术大大提高了服务可贸易性,推动服务贸易发生重大变革。当前全球服务贸易高质量发展面临诸多困境,主要包括全球服务贸易成本依然高昂,服务贸易多边谈判进展缓慢,各国监管差异巨大形成严重壁垒,全球数字治理"赤字"不利于服务贸易数字化进程等。现阶段中国服务贸易高质量发展面临诸多制约因素,主要有服务贸易地位仍有待提升,服务业开放滞后弊端凸显,服务贸易管理体制落后,服务贸易管理协调难度大,扶持政策力度仍显不足,劳动力成本上升且人才供给结构失衡等。为此,提出我国服务贸易高质量发展具体对策为:进一步增强、凝聚及扩大服务贸易发展共识,对标高水平区域贸易协定开放标准大力推动服务业有序扩大开放,以法治化为准则打造透明、可预期、一致性服务贸易规制环境,有效发挥服务贸易创新发展试点及服务业扩大开放综合试点互促作用,不断提升服务贸易数字化水平。Digitalization is the most basic feature of the development of contemporary service trade. Digital technology greatly improves the tradability of services and promotes the great changes of service trade. At present, the high-quality development of global trade in services is facing many difficulties, including the high cost of global trade in services, the slow progress of multilateral negotiations on trade in services, the huge regulatory differences among countries causing serious barriers, and the "deficit" of global digital governance which is not conducive to the digital process of trade in services. The high-quality development of trade in services of China is also faced with some constraints, such as the status of service trade still needs to be improved, the prominent disadvantages of service industry opening up lagging behind, the backward management system of service trade, the difficulty of services trade management coordination, the insufficient policy support, the rising labor cost and the imbalance of talent supply structure. Therefore, this paper puts forward countermeasures for the high-quality development of trade in service of China, specifically further enhance, condense and expand the awareness of the development of trade in services, aiming high-level RTAs and vigorously promote the orderly expansion of opening-up of the service industry, creating a transparent, predictable and consistent regulatory environment for trade in services based on the rule of law, and effectively giving full play to mutual promotion of pilot innovative development of trade in services and pilot comprehensive expanding opening-up of the service industry, continuously improving the digital level of service trade.

关 键 词：服务贸易 数字化 多边谈判 规制 高质量发展 

分 类 号：F125[经济管理—世界经济] F712.9