家庭管理模式下儿童下呼吸道感染出院后1年内并发症及生活质量分析  

Analysis of complications and quality of life in children with lower respiratory tract infection under family management within 1 year after discharge

作　　者：辛超君 曹利静[2] XIN Chaojun;CAO Lijing(Department of Medical Records Room,Hebei Provincial Children’s Hospital,Hebei,Shijiazhuang 050031,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]河北省儿童医院病案室,石家庄市050031 [2]河北省儿童医院重症医学一科,石家庄市050031

出　　处：《河北医药》2022年第4期574-577,共4页Hebei Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的讨论家庭管理在降低下呼吸道感染患儿出院后并发症中的作用。方法选取2019年1~12月住院的下呼吸道感染患儿637例。按照出院后护理方式的不同分为2组,其中家庭管理组311例,普通护理组326例。家庭管理计划的主要内容包括:饮食管理;手卫生;户外活动防护;呼吸道管理;体温管理;医疗行为管理等6方面。家庭管理内容培训由2名护士进行,对入选患儿以及家长进行详细讲解以上六方面的护理内容及注意事项,1名护士负责护理行为的质控。所有患儿于出院后1个月、6个月及12个月接受随访,记录再次呼吸道感染发生情况、非随访时间就医、是否再次住院等指标,比较分析家庭管理在下呼吸道感染患儿临床预后及生活质量方面的意义。结果637例患儿中,男398例,女239例;平均年龄(3.1±2.8)岁;病原学阳性检出率为36.5%,检测阳性率由高到低依次为:RSV,PIV,IFVB,IFVA,ADV。家庭管理及常规护理组出院后1个月内慢性咳嗽、6个月和12个月计划外就医、再次入院及入院率分别为22例、23例;27例、78例;19例及33例,再次住院率为6.1%及10.1%。2组患儿出院1个月内慢性咳嗽等后遗症的发生率并差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),1年内因呼吸系统疾病再次入院率常规护理组较家庭管理组高,但差异并无统计学意义(P>0.05);1年内计划外就医人数常规护理组要显著高于家庭管理组(P<0.05)。结论科学合理的家庭管理可降低呼吸道感染患儿后遗症发生率,同时具有对患儿家属医学科普教育的重要作用。Objective To investigate the effects of family management in reducing post-discharge complications of children with lower respiratory tract infection.Methods A total of 637 children with lower respiratory tract infection who were treated in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 were enrolled in the study.According to the different post-discharge nursing methods,who were divided into family management group(n=311)and conventional nursing group(n=326).The main contents of the family management included diet management,hand hygiene,outdoor activity protection,respiratory tract management,body temperature management,medical behavior management.The training of family management content was performed by two nurses,who explained the six aspects of nursing content and matters for attention,and one of the nurses was responsible for the quality control of nursing behavior.All the children were followed up at 1 month,6 months and 12 months after discharge.The incidence of recurrent respiratory tract infection(RRI),and clinical prognosis and life quality of patients were observed and compared between the two groups.Results Of the 637 children patients,there were 398 males and 239 females,with an average age being(3.1±2.8)years.The positive detection rate of etiology was 36.5%,and the positive detection rate from high to low was RSV,PIV,IFVB,IFVA and ADV.There was no significant difference in the incidence of sequelae like chronic cough within 1 month after discharge between the two groups(P>0.05).The readmission rate due to respiratory diseases within 1 year in conventional nursing group was higher than that in family management group,but,the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The patients of unplanned medical visits in 1 year in conventional nursing group were significantly more than those in family management group(P<0.05).Conclusion The scientific and reasonable family management can reduce the incidence of sequelae of children with respiratory tract infection,which plays an important role in medical scienc

关 键 词：家庭管理模式 下呼吸道感染 并发症 生活质量 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]