多元互助视域下志愿者参与安宁疗护服务模式探析  

Exploration and Analysis of Volunteers’Participation in Hospice Care Service Mode from the Perspective of Multiple Mutual Aid

作　　者：张如意[1] 彭迎春[1] ZHANG Ruyi;PENG Yingchun(School of Medical Humanities,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学医学人文学院,北京100069

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2022年第2期230-235,共6页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目“健康责任视域下首都失能老人居家照护的多元主体协作机制研究”(19JDSRB008);北京市教育委员会社科计划一般项目“价值共创视域下‘互联网+’医患关系改进对策研究”(SM202010025006);首都卫生管理与政策研究基地开放性课题“代际共融视域下北京市老年友好型社区建设路径优化研究”(2021JD05)。

摘　　要：老龄化社会,高龄老人多病共存问题凸显,恶性肿瘤患病率持续攀升,改善临终患者生活质量,发展安宁疗护有着积极的现实意义。基于福利多元理论,志愿者加入到安宁疗护团队中有利于安宁疗护事业的多元化发展,通过开展志愿服务、给予临终者尊严,可以提高其死亡质量、体现社会支持;基于互助共济理论,志愿者参与安宁疗护服务有利于助推社会精神文明的改善,达到代际互助共济的良性循环。志愿者参与安宁疗护服务模式尚在逐步探索之中,旨在提出政府出台相关志愿服务政策,营造良好的社会氛围;基于知信行模式对志愿者展开教育培训、促进服务团队整体协调发展;通过达成保密协议等方式完善志愿者服务机制,提升临终者及其家属接受志愿服务的意愿程度等建议,为安宁疗护事业的可持续发展提供借鉴。In an aging society,the coexistence of multiple diseases among the elderly is prominent,and the prevalence of malignant tumors continues to rise.It has positive practical significance that improving the quality of life of dying patients and developing hospice care.Based on welfare multivariate theory,volunteers joining the hospice care team is conducive to the diversified development of the hospice care.By carrying out voluntary services and giving dignity to the dying,the quality of death can be improved and social support can be reflected.Based on the theory of mutual aid,volunteer participation in hospice care services is conducive to promoting the improvement of social spiritual civilization and achieving a virtuous cycle of intergenerational mutual aid.The mode of volunteer participation in hospice care service is still being gradually explored.This paper aimed to propose that the government introduces relevant voluntary service policies to build a good social atmosphere;based on the knowledge,belief and practice model,carry out education and training for volunteers and promote the overall coordinated development of the service team;put forward suggestions on improving the volunteer service mechanism by reaching confidentiality agreements,and improving the willingness of the dying and their families to accept volunteer services,so as to provide reference for the sustainable development of hospice care.

关 键 词：多元互助 志愿者 安宁疗护 互助共济 生命质量 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]